12 Questions
How does operation or experimental science differ from origins (historical) science?
Operation or experimental science tests hypothesis predictability with successful experiments, while origins science relies on eyewitness testimony and observable evidence for past events.
What revolution in European thought began during the time of the Renaissance and the Reformation?
A revolution that permanently changed how people viewed the physical world.
How do assumptions influence scientific investigation according to the text?
They influence the questions asked, what is seen in research, data collection, and interpretation of data.
How did the Renaissance inspire scholars during the period between 1300 and 1600?
By prompting a spirit of curiosity and a questioning of long-accepted ideas.
In what manner did the Reformation differ from the Renaissance?
The Reformation challenged accepted ways of thinking about God and salvation, while the Renaissance inspired learning and curiosity.
What role did assumptions play in shaping scientific investigation according to the text?
They controlled both the questions asked and what data was collected during research.
Why did common sense seem to support the earth-centered view of the universe during the Middle Ages?
Because the sun appeared to move around the earth
What theory did most scholars during the Middle Ages believe in?
Geocentric theory
Who challenged the geocentric theory with the heliocentric theory?
Nicolaus Copernicus
What was one of the main reasons Copernicus's heliocentric theory was initially rejected?
Most scholars and clergy were against it
What characterized the Scientific Revolution in Europe?
A change in thinking based on observation and questioning beliefs
Which Greek astronomer expanded on Aristotle's geocentric theory in the second century A.D.?
Ptolemy
Study Notes
- Experimental science tests hypotheses through successful experiments to gather scientific evidence and eventually establish a scientific theory.
- Origins (historical) science relies on eyewitness testimony and observable evidence to understand past events that led to present observable evidence.
- Assumptions in scientific investigation influence the questions asked, observations made, data collected, and interpretation of data.
- The period between 1300 and 1600 in Europe saw the Renaissance sparking curiosity and challenging long-held ideas, along with the Reformation challenging religious beliefs.
- Before the Scientific Revolution, scholars based truth on ancient texts or the Bible, with few challenging ideas through direct observation.
- The Medieval View held that the earth was stationary at the center of the universe, known as the geocentric theory, influenced by Aristotle and Ptolemy.
- The Scientific Revolution in the mid-1500s introduced a new way of thinking based on observation and questioning old beliefs, leading to challenges in astronomy like the heliocentric theory.
- Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the heliocentric theory in the 1500s, suggesting that the sun, stars, earth, and planets revolved around the sun, challenging the geocentric view.
Explore the differences between operation or experimental science and origins (historical) science in this quiz. Learn about how experiments and observable evidence are used to support hypotheses and determine past events.
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