Operating Systems Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which portion of an OS stays in memory the entire time the computer is on?

  • Interrupt
  • CPU
  • Kernel (correct)
  • Overlay

Which of the following is not considered a multitasking OS?

  • Linux
  • Windows
  • UNIX
  • DOS (correct)

What OS method allows multiple processes to share the CPU effectively?

  • Time slicing (correct)
  • I/O
  • Command line
  • Multiuser

How are deadlocks typically resolved in a system?

<p>The OS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be done to a disk before it can be used?

<p>Partitioned and formatted (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct command to list files and folders on a Linux disk?

<p>ls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used in Windows to create a new folder?

<p>md (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is Windows a case-sensitive operating system?

<p>False (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does a decoder usually perform in a computer?

<p>Addressing memory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boolean expressions are simplified through the use of which method?

<p>Basic identities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What features made transistors superior to vacuum tubes for use in computers?

<p>They were cheaper, smaller, and cooler than tubes and lasted longer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of I/O processing is generally considered the most efficient?

<p>Interrupt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the pastry that helped move jobs up in the queue during second generation software, and what software development made that pastry unnecessary?

<p>Donuts and time-sharing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the display quality of a monitor?

<p>Resolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What magazines contributed to the rise of the first microcomputer?

<p>Popular Electronics and Radio Electronics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most modern computers are based on which architecture?

<p>Von Neumann architecture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What important concept was utilized by the Altair, influencing its competitors including the IBM personal computer?

<p>The machine had an open architecture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the CPU is responsible for performing mathematical operations?

<p>ALU (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the largest market for the Apple computer and what software contributed to its popularity?

<p>The business market and the program VisiCalc (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In computer terminology, what is a set of wires and protocols designed to facilitate data transfer called?

<p>Bus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which software company dominated the market in 1990 and what major product did it sell?

<p>Microsoft and Word (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The quality of printer output is typically measured in which unit?

<p>dpi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system does Microsoft consider its major competition in operating systems today?

<p>Apple's macOS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key attribute allowed transistors to improve overall system performance compared to vacuum tubes?

<p>They had a longer lifespan. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a LAN topology?

<p>Star (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the OSI layer of a repeater?

<p>Physical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can DSL speeds be categorized?

<p>256 Kbps to 1.5 Mbps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Standard voice-grade lines are designed to carry frequencies in the range of:

<p>300 Hz to 3300 Hz (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a network device?

<p>Ramp (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor reduces the strength of an electrical signal as it travels along a transmission medium?

<p>Attenuation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most commonly used twisted pair cable category?

<p>Cat 5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of guided medium is the least susceptible to attenuation and inductance?

<p>Fiber-optic cable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Second Normal Form (2NF) require of nonkey columns?

<p>Every nonkey column must be fully dependent on the primary key. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best defines a primary key in a database table?

<p>A primary key uniquely identifies each row in a table. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of database design, which step is NOT part of the process?

<p>Optimize query performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the SQL INSERT INTO statement is true?

<p>The INSERT INTO statement allows adding multiple records in one statement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When creating a new table in SQL, why is it important to specify NULL or NOT NULL for columns?

<p>It defines whether a column can store blank entries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ORDER BY clause in an SQL SELECT statement?

<p>To sort the returned data in a specific order. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about arrays is correct?

<p>Elements in an array are accessed using indexing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does third normal form (3NF) state regarding nonkey columns?

<p>No nonkey column should depend on another nonkey column. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does the declaration 'char[] aAnswers = new char' allocate memory locations of 1 through 5?

<p>False (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the offset in memory locations signify?

<p>The distance between memory locations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are arrays considered a good data structure for handling dynamic data?

<p>False (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure does a stack utilize?

<p>LIFO (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a queue retrieve its elements?

<p>First In, First Out. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does LIFO stand for?

<p>Last in, first out. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FIFO represent?

<p>First in, first out. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of a binary search tree?

<p>Each node has at most two children. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

IBM (International Business Machines)

IBM (International Business Machines) is a multinational technology company known for its hardware, software, and cloud computing services.

Transistors vs Vacuum Tubes

Transistors were superior to vacuum tubes because they were smaller, cheaper, consumed less power, and generated less heat.

Time-sharing & Job Prioritization

The use of time-sharing in third-generation software systems made the need for job prioritization (represented by the concept of "donuts") obsolete. Time-sharing allowed multiple users to share a computer's resources concurrently, eliminating the need for complex job scheduling techniques.

Open Architecture in Computers

The idea of an open architecture means that a computer's design allows for easy modification and customization by users. This fosters innovation and allows for the development of third-party hardware and software.

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Apple II in Education

The Apple computer gained significant popularity in the education market. The educational game "Shape Up" contributed to this popularity by offering an engaging learning experience that made the Apple II attractive to schools.

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Microsoft's Dominance in 1990

Microsoft dominated the software market in 1990, primarily through its sales of the Microsoft Word word processing program.

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What does a decoder do in a computer?

A decoder is a type of circuit that takes a binary input and produces a unique output based on the input combination. In a computer, decoders facilitate memory addressing by translating logical memory locations into physical memory addresses.

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How are Boolean expressions simplified?

Boolean expressions, also known as logic expressions, represent logical relationships using operators like AND, OR, NOT. They are simplified by applying Boolean identities, like De Morgan's law or the distributive property.

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What type of I/O is the most efficient?

Interrupt-driven I/O is the most efficient method for transferring data between a computer and peripherals because it allows the CPU to continue processing while waiting for I/O operations to complete.

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What determines a monitor's display quality?

Monitor display quality is determined by the resolution, which is the number of pixels displayed horizontally and vertically on the screen. A higher resolution allows for clearer and more detailed images.

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What is the basis of most modern computers?

Modern computers primarily utilize Von Neumann architecture, which employs a single address space for both instructions and data. This means the CPU can access both program instructions and data from the same memory location.

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What part of the CPU handles mathematical and logical operations?

The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is responsible for performing arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT) within the Central Processing Unit (CPU).

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What is a bus in computer terminology?

A bus is a set of electrical conductors and communication protocols that facilitate data transfer between components within a computer system, including the CPU, memory, and peripherals.

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What bus do most modern computers use?

The PCI bus is a common interface used in modern computers for connecting components like expansion cards, network adapters, and hard drives. It provides a high-speed data transfer pathway.

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Kernel

The core part of an operating system (OS) that manages the computer's resources and provides essential services.

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Multitasking OS

An OS allows multiple programs to run concurrently, sharing the CPU's processing power.

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Time slicing

A technique where the CPU switches between different tasks rapidly, giving each task a small slice of time.

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Deadlock

A situation where two or more processes are blocked, waiting for each other to release resources, resulting in a standstill.

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Disk partitioning

A common way to organize a disk, dividing it into logical sections called partitions, each acting as a separate drive.

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Root directory

The top-level directory in a hierarchical file system, acting as the starting point for accessing files and folders.

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Disk formatting

The process of preparing a disk for use by the OS, including formatting the disk surface and creating a directory structure.

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Linux 'ls' command

A command that lists all files and folders in the current directory.

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Star Topology

A LAN topology where each device is connected to a central hub.

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Repeater

A network device that amplifies or regenerates signals to extend the range of a network.

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Hub

A network device that connects multiple devices on a network, but has no intelligence or control over data flow.

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Physical Layer

The physical layer in the OSI model responsible for transmitting and receiving data bits over the network medium.

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Twisted Pair Cable

Technology using copper wires twisted together to reduce interference.

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Gateway

A network device that connects different networks with different protocols.

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NIC

A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component that allows a computer to communicate with a network.

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Attenuation

The weakening or loss of signal strength as it travels through a transmission medium.

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Second Normal Form (2NF)

A database design principle where every non-key attribute must depend on the entire primary key, not just a part of it.

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Third Normal Form (3NF)

A database design principle where no non-key attribute can depend on another non-key attribute.

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Primary Key

A unique identifier for a row in a table. It ensures that each row is distinct and can be retrieved easily.

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Composite Key

A primary key composed of multiple columns, combined to ensure uniqueness.

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Array

A data structure that allows us to store and access elements in a sequential manner using indices.

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Index (or Subscript)

A numerical value used to identify a specific element within an array.

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Array Indexing

An array's index starts from 0, not 1. Therefore, a char array declared with 'new char[5]' will have indices from 0 to 4, not 1 to 5.

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Offset in Arrays

The offset is the difference in memory location between two elements in an array. It's used to access elements efficiently.

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Arrays & Dynamic Data

Arrays are fixed-size data structures, meaning their size cannot be changed once declared. This makes them unsuitable for handling dynamically changing data.

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Stack Data Structure

A stack follows the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle. The last element added to the stack is the first one to be removed.

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Queue Data Structure

A queue follows the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) principle. The first element added to the queue is the first one to be removed.

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What does LIFO stand for?

LIFO stands for Last-In, First-Out. It describes the behavior of a stack where the last element added is the first to be removed.

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What does FIFO stand for?

FIFO stands for First-In, First-Out. It describes the behavior of a queue where the first element added is the first to be removed.

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Height of a Binary Search Tree

A binary search tree's height is the number of edges from the root node to the deepest leaf node.

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Study Notes

Multiple Choice Questions

  • Question 1: In 1642, Pascal created a mechanical device. This device could calculate addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
  • Question 2: Leibniz improved Pascal's device by adding multiplication and division capabilities to Pascal's addition and subtraction abilities.
  • Question 3: The Jacquard loom uses reusable cards with holes to hold information, similar to a player piano.
  • Question 4: IBM's origins are traced back to the 1890 U.S. census.
  • Question 5: Four key components of Babbage's engine, found in today's computers, include the stored program technique, and input, output, and memory devices.
  • Question 6: Peirce found that electrical switches can effectively model logical elements.
  • Question 7: The ENIAC computer was used for its intended purpose in World War II.
  • Question 8: John Von Neumann is credited with the concept of the stored program computer.
  • Question 9: In the 1960s and 1970s, IBM controlled more than 70% of the computer market.
  • Question 10-20: These questions cover topics ranging from the invention and evolution of computers and software, to computer architecture, concepts, and networking. They focus on various historical figures, key advancements, and the development of fundamental computer science principles. Multiple correct responses, or correct descriptions, exist for many of these questions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts of operating systems in this quiz. Topics include multitasking, process management, disk usage, and the evolution of hardware components. Perfect for students studying computer science or information technology!

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