Operating Systems Overview and Concepts

To protect the integrity of stored information and physical resources from unauthorized access and malicious actions.

Virtual machines provide a layer of abstraction that allows multiple operating systems to run concurrently on a single hardware platform.

Chapter 19 focuses on computer networks and distributed systems, particularly the Internet and TCP/IP.

<p>POSIX standards ensure compatibility and portability of programs across UNIX-based operating systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pthreads are a specific POSIX extension that provides a standardized interface for multi-threading in C programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The example programs were tested on Linux 4.4 and macOS 10.11 using the gcc compiler.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Real-time extensions enable more predictable behavior in systems that require timely execution of tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Java has built-in language support and a rich API for concurrent and parallel programming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The revised Chapter 5 introduces multilevel queue scheduling, multicore processing scheduling, and NUMA-aware scheduling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chapter 4 now includes futures in Java threads and updates on Apple's Grand Central Dispatch to cover Swift.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chapter 6 introduces lock-free algorithms using compare-and-swap instructions, as well as discussions on race conditions and memory models.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chapter 7 presents classical synchronization problems and details specific API support including POSIX semaphores and Java synchronization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chapter 8 includes a new section on livelock and discusses deadlock as a liveness hazard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The significance lies in providing a structured approach to parallel programming using the fork-join framework in Java.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It elaborates on Mach message passing and Android RPCs, clarifying the communication mechanisms in Android's process hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modifications related to load balancing and scheduling for heterogeneous multiprocessing are discussed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary purpose of an operating system is to provide an environment for users to execute programs conveniently and efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An operating system acts as an intermediary between application programs and computer hardware, managing resource allocation and hardware operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Designing an operating system is complex and requires well-defined goals due to its large size and multifaceted functionality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An operating system is fundamentally responsible for allocating CPU, memory, and I/O device resources to programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Operating systems can be found in various devices, including smartphones, personal computers, cars, and Internet of Things devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The components of an operating system should be well-delineated, with clearly defined inputs, outputs, and functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Open-source operating systems allow users to view, modify, and distribute the source code, while proprietary systems restrict access and modifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To explore operating systems, one must understand the computer's CPU, memory, I/O devices, and storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary component of an operating system is called the kernel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>System programs are associated with the operating system but are not part of the kernel, while application programs are those not related to the system's operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The DOJ took action against Microsoft for including excessive functionality in its operating systems, which hindered competition among application vendors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two mentioned mobile operating systems are Apple's iOS and Google's Android.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Studying operating systems is crucial for proper, efficient, effective, and secure programming since all code runs on top of them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modern mobile operating systems often include middleware, which provides additional services to application developers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lawsuits prompted discussions on competition and functionality within operating systems, influencing how features are integrated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The kernel is referred to as the 'one program running at all times' because it continuously manages the system's operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interrupt handler saves any state it will be changing during its operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The CPU catches the interrupt by receiving a signal asserted on the interrupt request line by the device controller.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multilevel interrupts allow the operating system to distinguish between high- and low-priority interrupts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We need the ability to defer interrupt handling during critical processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interrupt handler performs a state restore and executes a return from interrupt instruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The I/O cycle involves the CPU checking for interrupts, transferring control to the interrupt handler, and resuming processing of the interrupted task.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Efficient dispatching ensures that the correct action is taken for the specific interrupting device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Servicing the device refers to the handler processing data and clearing the interrupt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The TCP/IP model receives added emphasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chapter 21 covers the internals of Windows 10.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coverage includes MapReduce on Google file system, Hadoop, GPFS, and Lustre.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resources include a Linux virtual machine and C and Java source code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New written exercises and programming problems related to processes and memory management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appendix A discusses influential operating systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This strategy offers the most thorough study of operating systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Either the accompanying Linux virtual machine or another suitable Linux distribution is required.</p> Signup and view all the answers