1.9 – Installing Operating Systems - Installing Operating System

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Which of the following methods is commonly used for installing an operating system on multiple computers across a network in an enterprise environment?

  • Installing from individual CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs on each computer.
  • Using PXE (Preboot Execution Environment) to install across the network. (correct)
  • Installing from a bootable USB drive on each computer.
  • Manually copying the OS files to each computer's hard drive.

During an operating system installation, which of the following actions involves removing all existing data and applications from the selected partition?

  • A clean install. (correct)
  • A repair installation.
  • An image deployment.
  • An in-place upgrade.

In a corporate environment, what is the primary benefit of using image deployment for operating system installations?

  • It performs a repair installation to fix any existing issues.
  • It allows each user to customize their operating system individually.
  • It automatically migrates user data from the old system to the new one.
  • It ensures that all systems have the same standardized configuration. (correct)

What is the purpose of performing a repair installation of an operating system?

<p>To refresh the operating system files without affecting user files or applications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During an operating system installation, when might you need to install additional drivers?

<p>When certain hardware components, like hard drive controllers, are not recognized. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a partition on a hard drive?

<p>To logically separate different areas of the drive for storing operating systems or data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which partition style allows for a maximum of 128 partitions on a single physical drive?

<p>GPT (GUID Partition Table). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key limitation of MBR (Master Boot Record) partition style compared to GPT (GUID Partition Table)?

<p>MBR has a maximum partition size limit of 2 terabytes, while GPT supports much larger sizes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On an MBR drive, what is the purpose of marking a primary partition as 'active'?

<p>To allow the system to boot from that partition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would you typically use an extended partition on an MBR drive?

<p>When you need more than four partitions in total. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you always do before making changes to partitions on a drive?

<p>Create a backup of all data on the drive. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a quick format and a full format?

<p>A quick format creates the file table but doesn't overwrite existing data, while a full format overwrites all data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of operating system installation is most suitable if you want to retain all your existing applications and data files while upgrading the underlying OS?

<p>In-place upgrade. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PXE (Preboot Execution Environment) enable during an operating system installation process?

<p>Installing the OS across a network from a centralized server. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a recovery partition that comes pre-installed on many computers?

<p>To provide a way to start the operating system installation process without needing external media. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When installing an operating system, how can you ensure that the installation process uses an updated set of files downloaded directly from the internet?

<p>By selecting the option to download updates during the installation process (if available). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using an external, hot-swappable drive with ISO mode for OS installation?

<p>It enables the system to boot as if it were using a physical optical drive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following steps is typically required before installing an operating system on a brand new, unpartitioned hard drive?

<p>Creating at least one partition to store the operating system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum partition size limit for a drive using the MBR (Master Boot Record) partition style?

<p>2 terabytes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you need to install an operating system on an MBR drive, in which type of partition must the OS be located to be bootable?

<p>Primary partition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of disk partitioning, what does GPT stand for?

<p>GUID Partition Table. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does GUID stand for in the context of GPT disk partitioning?

<p>Globally Unique Identifier. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) in GPT partitioning?

<p>It provides a unique identifier for each partition to prevent conflicts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which BIOS type is required to install a GPT partition style?

<p>UEFI BIOS. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When installing an operating system using PXE, what initial step does the computer perform?

<p>It searches across the network to find a server with the OS installation files. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After creating a partition, what is the next essential step to prepare it for storing files?

<p>Creating a file system on the partition using the format command. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Windows, which utility is recommended for performing a full format that overwrites all data on a drive?

<p>The diskpart utility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides using a USB drive, what is another common method for installing an operating system, particularly on older systems?

<p>Installing from a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of installation would you perform if you wanted to install the same operating system version on top of an existing installation to troubleshoot issues?

<p>Repair installation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Bootable USB drive

Creates a bootable medium, commonly a USB drive, to install an OS.

Boot from USB

Configuring a computer's BIOS to start from a USB drive.

PXE (Pre-Boot Execution Environment)

Installing an OS across a network using a pre-boot execution environment.

Internet-based Installation

Downloading OS files directly from the internet during installation.

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External Drive Installation

Using an external drive with an ISO to install an OS.

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Internal Drive Installation

Installing an OS on a new, internal hard drive or SSD.

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In-Place Upgrade

Upgrading an OS to a newer version while keeping apps and data.

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Recovery Partition

Starting the installation process from a dedicated partition on the storage drive.

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Clean Install

Fresh OS installation by deleting everything on the partition.

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Image Deployment

Creating a standard OS version for multiple computers in an organization.

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Repair Installation

Reinstalling the same OS version to fix problems without data loss.

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Remote Network Installation

Installing an OS from a central server over a network.

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Driver Installation

Installing drivers during the OS installation process.

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Partition

A logically separated area on a drive to store an OS or data.

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Volume (Microsoft)

Microsoft's term for partitions, often used interchangeably.

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GPT (GUID Partition Table)

Modern partitioning scheme using globally unique identifiers.

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GUID (Globally Unique Identifier)

Unique identifier assigned to each GPT partition.

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MBR (Master Boot Record)

Older partition style with limitations like a 2TB maximum size.

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Primary Partition (MBR)

Bootable partition on an MBR drive; max of four.

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Active Partition

MBR partition marked to automatically start the OS during startup.

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Extended Partition (MBR)

MBR partition to create more than four partitions but not bootable.

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Format Partition

Creating a file system on a partition using the 'format' command.

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Quick Format

Creates a file table but doesn't overwrite existing data.

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Full Format

Overwrites all data on the drive by writing zeros to every sector.

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Study Notes

  • To install an operating system, you need media to hold the OS software and start the installation.

Bootable USB Drive

  • Creating a bootable USB drive is a common method, using utilities across different operating systems.
  • Operating system installation files are installed to the USB drive.
  • The computer's BIOS needs to be configured to boot from the USB drive.

Optical Drive

  • Older systems may use an optical drive (CD-ROM or DVD-ROM) containing the OS files.

PXE (Pre-Boot Execution Environment)

  • Used in enterprises for remote OS installation across a network.
  • A centralized server stores all OS installation files.
  • Computers boot into PXE mode, find the server, and begin the installation.

Hard Drive/SSD

  • Operating system files can be installed on a hard drive or SSD for booting the system.

Internet Download

  • Installation processes often download updated files from the internet.
  • Common in Linux distributions, macOS recovery installation, and Windows updates.

External/Hot Swappable Drive

  • Stores information externally via USB.
  • Supports ISO mode, appearing as a single optical drive, or can function as an external drive with OS files.

Internal Drive Installation

  • Installing a new hard drive or SSD allows running the installation process internally.

In-Place Upgrade

  • Upgrades the OS while keeping applications and data files intact.

Recovery Partition

  • Many computers have a recovery partition on the storage drive for OS installation.

Clean Install

  • Installs a fresh OS version by deleting everything on the partition, requiring a backup of personal files.
  • Some OSs include a migration tool for backup, clean install, and file restoration.

Image Deployment

  • Used in corporate environments to copy a standard OS version to multiple computers.
  • Ensures everyone has the same configuration and simplifies system replacement.

Repair Installation

  • Reinstalls the same OS version to troubleshoot issues.
  • Updates OS files without modifying user files or applications.

Remote Network Installation

  • Systems boot and connect to a central server on the network for OS installation.

Driver Installation

  • Operating systems may allow driver installation during the process for hardware like hard drive controllers.

Partitioning

  • Partitioning is required on a new hard drive to create an area to store the operating system.
  • A partition logically separates different areas of the drive.
  • Different operating systems can be stored on different partitions

Volumes

  • Microsoft operating systems refer to partitions as volumes.

GPT (GUID Partition Table)

  • Modern OS use GPT partition for installation.
  • GUID stands for Globally Unique Identifier.
  • Each partition gets a unique identifier
  • Requires a UEFI BIOS.
  • Supports up to 128 partitions, each over 9 billion terabytes.
  • Windows currently limits partition size to 256 terabytes.

MBR (Master Boot Record)

  • An older partition style found on older OSs.
  • Has a 2 terabyte maximum partition size.
  • Limited because it requires for the use of primary and extended partitions

Primary Partitions

  • Only primary partitions on an MBR drive are bootable.
  • The maximum is four primary partitions per drive.
  • One primary partition is marked as active to indicate the startup OS.

Extended Partitions

  • Allows more than four partitions on an MBR drive, but these aren’t bootable.
  • GPT is more flexible, allowing 128 bootable partitions.

Existing Partitions

  • New drives may already be partitioned, but you can delete these to create custom partitions.
  • Partitioning deletes data, so backups are essential.
  • Partition options are configured during the OS setup, which includes options to add, extend, or delete partitions.

Formatting

  • Formatting creates the file system on a partition.

Quick Format

  • Creates the file table without deleting existing data, allowing potential data recovery.
  • Default for Windows 10 and 11 installations.

Full Format

  • Overwrites all data by writing zeros to every sector, making data unrecoverable.
  • Requires the diskpart utility.
  • Backups are crucial before any formatting.

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