Operating System Fundamentals

<p>Process Scheduling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To interact with hardware devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linux</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single-user single-tasking OS allows one user to run one program at a time, whereas a single-user multi-tasking OS allows one user to run multiple programs simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The kernel manages hardware resources and provides services to applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>System calls provide an interface through which applications can request services from the operating system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A real-time operating system is designed to manage real-time applications with strict timing constraints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>File management provides a file system for storing and retrieving files.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access the system simultaneously, while a mobile operating system is designed specifically for mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process can be in one of four states: newborn, running, waiting, and zombie. In the newborn state, the process is created. In the running state, the process is being executed. In the waiting state, the process is waiting for some event to occur. In the zombie state, the process has finished executing but its parent process has not acknowledged its termination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The memory hierarchy is the organization of memory levels, including main memory, cache, and virtual memory. Main memory is the primary storage for program execution, cache is a small and fast memory that stores frequently accessed data, and virtual memory is a combination of physical memory and secondary storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contiguous memory allocation allocates a single block of contiguous memory to a process, while non-contiguous memory allocation allocates memory to a process in non-contiguous blocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A file system is a hierarchical structure of files and directories on a storage device, organized as a tree of directories and subdirectories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some common security threats include unauthorized access, viruses, worms, and Trojan horses. These can be mitigated through security mechanisms such as authentication, authorization, encryption, and access control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paging is a memory management technique that divides memory into fixed-size blocks called pages. It improves memory management by allowing for efficient allocation and deallocation of memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers