Podcast
Questions and Answers
OS is software or hardware?
OS is software or hardware?
- Hardware
- Software (correct)
Interrupts may be triggered by either hardware or software.
Interrupts may be triggered by either hardware or software.
True (A)
What is another term for kernel mode?
What is another term for kernel mode?
- Supervisor mode
- System mode
- Privileged mode
- All of the above (correct)
A _____ can be used to prevent a user program from never returning control to the operating system.
A _____ can be used to prevent a user program from never returning control to the operating system.
Which of the following instructions should only be run in kernel mode?
Which of the following instructions should only be run in kernel mode?
Security is equivalent to protection with no difference.
Security is equivalent to protection with no difference.
Which of the following is a property of peer-to-peer systems?
Which of the following is a property of peer-to-peer systems?
A _____ provides a file-system interface that allows clients to create and modify files.
A _____ provides a file-system interface that allows clients to create and modify files.
System call interface is the boundary between user programs and operating system services.
System call interface is the boundary between user programs and operating system services.
Touch screen is a user interface on mobile systems.
Touch screen is a user interface on mobile systems.
_____ is/are not a technique for passing parameters from an application to a system call.
_____ is/are not a technique for passing parameters from an application to a system call.
System calls can be run in either user mode or kernel mode.
System calls can be run in either user mode or kernel mode.
A statically linked library is only linked and loaded if it is conditionally required during program runtime.
A statically linked library is only linked and loaded if it is conditionally required during program runtime.
The major difficulty in designing a layered operating system approach is _____
The major difficulty in designing a layered operating system approach is _____
A microkernel is a kernel _____.
A microkernel is a kernel _____.
_____ allows operating system services to be loaded dynamically.
_____ allows operating system services to be loaded dynamically.
A boot block _____.
A boot block _____.
An initial bootstrap program is in the form of random-access memory (RAM).
An initial bootstrap program is in the form of random-access memory (RAM).
If a program terminates abnormally, a dump of memory may be examined by a_____ to determine the cause of the error.
If a program terminates abnormally, a dump of memory may be examined by a_____ to determine the cause of the error.
Debugging is the activity of finding and fixing errors in a system, only in software.
Debugging is the activity of finding and fixing errors in a system, only in software.
The _____ of a process contains temporary data such as function parameters, return addresses, and local variables.
The _____ of a process contains temporary data such as function parameters, return addresses, and local variables.
A process control block _____.
A process control block _____.
A process may transition to the Ready state by which of the following actions?
A process may transition to the Ready state by which of the following actions?
A _____ saves the state of the currently running process and restores the state of the next process
A _____ saves the state of the currently running process and restores the state of the next process
When a child process is created, which of the following is a possibility in terms of execution or address space?
When a child process is created, which of the following is a possibility in terms of execution or address space?
A process that has terminated, but whose parent has not yet called wait(), is known as a _____ process.
A process that has terminated, but whose parent has not yet called wait(), is known as a _____ process.
The _____ process is assigned as the parent to orphan processes.
The _____ process is assigned as the parent to orphan processes.
A new browser process is created by the Chrome browser for every new website that is visited.
A new browser process is created by the Chrome browser for every new website that is visited.
Which of the following statements is true?
Which of the following statements is true?
Shared memory is a more appropriate IPC mechanism than message passing for distributed systems.
Shared memory is a more appropriate IPC mechanism than message passing for distributed systems.
The shared buffer is implemented as a circular array with two logical pointers: in and out. The buffer is full when in==out.
The shared buffer is implemented as a circular array with two logical pointers: in and out. The buffer is full when in==out.
In a _____ temporary queue, the sender must always block until the recipient receives the message.
In a _____ temporary queue, the sender must always block until the recipient receives the message.
Under indirect communication, each process that wants to communicate must explicitly name the recipient or sender.
Under indirect communication, each process that wants to communicate must explicitly name the recipient or sender.
A socket is identified by an IP address concatenated with a port number.
A socket is identified by an IP address concatenated with a port number.
A traditional (or heavyweight) process has a single thread of control.
A traditional (or heavyweight) process has a single thread of control.
A thread is composed of a thread ID, program counter, register set, and heap.
A thread is composed of a thread ID, program counter, register set, and heap.
Each thread has its own register set and stack.
Each thread has its own register set and stack.
Which of the following involves distributing tasks across multiple computing cores?
Which of the following involves distributing tasks across multiple computing cores?
According to Amdahl's Law, what is the speedup gain for an application that is 60% serial and runs on a 4-core processor?
According to Amdahl's Law, what is the speedup gain for an application that is 60% serial and runs on a 4-core processor?
It is possible to have concurrency without parallelism.
It is possible to have concurrency without parallelism.
The _____ multithreading model multiplexes many user-level threads to a smaller or equal number of kernel threads.
The _____ multithreading model multiplexes many user-level threads to a smaller or equal number of kernel threads.
The _____ model maps many user-level threads to one kernel thread.
The _____ model maps many user-level threads to one kernel thread.
A _____ provides an API for creating and managing threads.
A _____ provides an API for creating and managing threads.
A _____ uses an existing thread-rather than creating a new one-to complete a task.
A _____ uses an existing thread-rather than creating a new one-to complete a task.
When OpenMP encounters the #pragma omp parallel directive, it:
When OpenMP encounters the #pragma omp parallel directive, it:
Grand Central Dispatch handles blocks by:
Grand Central Dispatch handles blocks by:
Which of the following would be an acceptable signal handling scheme for a multithreaded program?
Which of the following would be an acceptable signal handling scheme for a multithreaded program?
Cancellation points are associated with _____ cancellation.
Cancellation points are associated with _____ cancellation.
Thread-local storage is data that
Thread-local storage is data that
_____ is the number of processes that are completed per time unit.
_____ is the number of processes that are completed per time unit.
_____ scheduling is approximated by predicting the next CPU burst with an exponential average of the measure
_____ scheduling is approximated by predicting the next CPU burst with an exponential average of the measure
Which of the following is true of multilevel queue scheduling?
Which of the following is true of multilevel queue scheduling?
The _____ scheduling algorithm is designed especially for time-sharing systems.
The _____ scheduling algorithm is designed especially for time-sharing systems.
_____ involves the decision of which kernel thread to schedule onto which CPU.
_____ involves the decision of which kernel thread to schedule onto which CPU.
_____ allows a thread to run on only one processor.
_____ allows a thread to run on only one processor.
The two general approaches to load balancing are _____ and _____
The two general approaches to load balancing are _____ and _____
Flashcards
What is kernel mode?
What is kernel mode?
The core of the OS with complete control over the system.
What is an interrupt?
What is an interrupt?
A software mechanism that signals the OS to handle an event.
What is System Call Interface?
What is System Call Interface?
The boundary between user programs and OS services.
What is a memory dump?
What is a memory dump?
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What is the stack of a process?
What is the stack of a process?
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What is a zombie process?
What is a zombie process?
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What identifies a socket?
What identifies a socket?
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What is task parallelism?
What is task parallelism?
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What is the #pragma omp parallel directive?
What is the #pragma omp parallel directive?
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What is throughput?
What is throughput?
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Study Notes
- The operating system (OS) is software.
- Interrupts can be triggered by hardware or software.
- Kernel mode is referred to as supervisor mode, system mode, or privileged mode.
- A timer can prevent a user program from never returning control to the operating system.
- Instructions that modify entries in device-status tables should only be run in kernel mode.
- Security and protection are not equivalent concepts.
- Peer-to-peer systems have clients and servers that are not distinguished from one another.
- A file-server system provides a file-system interface for clients to create and modify files.
- The system call interface serves as the boundary between user programs and operating system services.
- Touch screens serve as a user interface on mobile systems.
- Cache memory is not a technique for passing parameters from an application to a system call.
- System calls cannot be run in user mode.
- Statically linked libraries are not conditionally loaded during program runtime.
- Appropriately defining the various layers presents a major difficulty in designing a layered operating system.
- A microkernel is a stripped-down kernel, allowing operating system services to be loaded dynamically.
- A boot block typically stores the location and length of the rest of the bootstrap program.
- An initial bootstrap program is not in the form of random-access memory (RAM).
- When a program terminates abnormally, a dump of memory may be examined by a debugger to determine the cause.
- Debugging involves finding and fixing errors in a system, not only in software.
- The stack of a process contains temporary data such as function parameters, return addresses, and local variables.
- A process control block includes information on the process's state.
- A process may transition to the Ready state when a context switch occurs.
- Creating a child process may result in concurrent execution, loading a new program, or duplicating the parent process.
- A process that has terminated, but whose parent has not yet called wait(), is known as a zombie process.
- The init process is assigned as the parent to orphan processes.
- A new browser process is not created by the Chrome browser for every new website that is visited.
- Shared memory is typically faster than message passing.
- The shared buffer has zero capacity.
- In a temporary queue, the sender does not always block until the recipient receives the message.
- Under indirect communication, each process that wants to communicate is false.
- Named pipes act like files.
- A socket is identified by an IP address concatenated with a port number.
- A traditional (or heavyweight) process has a single thread of control.
- A thread is composed of a thread ID, program counter, register set, and stack.
- Each thread needs its own stack and register set.
- Task parallelism involves distributing tasks across multiple computing cores.
- According to Amdahl's Law, the speedup gain for an application that is 60% serial and runs on a 4-core is 1.43.
- Concurrency without parallelism is possible.
- The many-to-many multithreading model multiplexes many user-level threads to a smaller or equal number of kernel threads.
- The many-to-one model maps many user-level threads to one kernel thread.
- A thread library provides an API for creating and managing threads.
- A thread pool uses an existing thread – rather than creating a new one – to complete a task.
- When OpenMP encounters the #pragma omp parallel directive, it constructs a parallel region.
- Grand Central Dispatch handles blocks by using a dispatch queue.
- Sending a signal to all threads would be an acceptable signal handling scheme for a multithreaded program.
- Cancellation points are associated with deferred cancellation.
- Thread-local storage is data that is unique per thread.
- Throughput measures the number of processes completed per unit of time.
- Scheduling is approximated by predicting the next CPU burst with an exponential average of the measure throughput.
- In multilevel queue scheduling, each queue has its own scheduling algorithm.
- System-contention scope involves the decision of which kernel thread to schedule onto which CPU.
- Processor affinity is one of the two general approaches to load balancing.
- Threads can run on multiple processors.
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