Operating System Concepts - Chapter 1 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of an operating system?

  • To provide a convenient and easy-to-use interface for the computer
  • To manage all computer resources efficiently and fairly
  • To control the execution of programs and prevent errors
  • To execute user programs and make solving user problems easier (correct)

What program is typically loaded at power-up or reboot to initialize all aspects of a computer system?

  • Device controller
  • Interrupt service routine
  • Bootstrap program (correct)
  • Operating system kernel

Which of the following is NOT considered a component of a computer system?

  • Application programs (correct)
  • Operating system
  • Users
  • Hardware

Which component of a computer system controls all the major functions of the hardware?

<p>Kernel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure allows high-speed I/O devices to transfer data directly to main memory without CPU intervention?

<p>Direct Memory Access (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the operating system in a shared computer system?

<p>To keep all users happy by efficiently and fairly managing resources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of the 'kernel' of an operating system?

<p>It is the one program running at all times on the computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a computer system is responsible for determining the logical interaction between a storage device and the computer?

<p>Disk controller (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical goal of an operating system?

<p>To provide a comprehensive set of application programs for users (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an operating system is interrupt-driven, what kind of interrupts are caused by errors or user requests?

<p>Trap interrupts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the goals of an operating system differ for users of a shared computer system versus a dedicated system?

<p>Shared systems focus on resource utilization, while dedicated systems focus on ease of use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of system architecture uses multiple processors and is also known as parallel systems?

<p>Multiprocessor systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in a computer system organizes storage systems based on speed, cost, and volatility?

<p>Storage Hierarchy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an interrupt service routine in a computer system?

<p>Save the address of the interrupted instruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the CPU access information in secondary storage in a computer system?

<p>Treat secondary storage as a cache for main memory. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a computer system, what saves the address of all the service routines for handling interrupts?

<p>Interrupt vector (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of Chapter 1 in the Operating System Concepts textbook?

<p>To discuss basic computer system organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major component covered in the textbook's Chapter 1?

<p>Network Configuration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of operating systems, what does 'Memory Management' primarily refer to?

<p>Ensuring proper allocation of system resources to programs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What purpose does 'Protection and Security' serve in the realm of operating systems?

<p>Managing permissions and access control within the system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of operating systems is related to the effective management of data on secondary storage devices?

<p>Storage Management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a network operating system?

<p>To provide features between systems across a network (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of computer network mentioned in the text?

<p>Global Area Network (GAN) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a client-server computing environment, what is the role of the compute-server?

<p>To respond to requests generated by clients and provide services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a peer-to-peer (P2P) computing model?

<p>Nodes can each act as a client, server, or both (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivation behind the open-source operating system movement?

<p>To counter the copy protection and Digital Rights Management (DRM) movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not an example of an open-source operating system mentioned in the text?

<p>Windows 10 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of multiprocessing?

<p>Increased throughput by utilizing multiple processors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of multiprogramming in an operating system?

<p>To facilitate efficient utilization of CPU and I/O devices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of timesharing (multitasking) in an interactive computing environment?

<p>Ability for users to interact with their programs while they are running (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of dual-mode operation in an operating system?

<p>To protect the operating system and system components from user processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a timer in an operating system?

<p>To prevent infinite loops or processes from hogging resources indefinitely (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of user identities (user IDs) in an operating system?

<p>To authenticate users and grant access to system resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a group identifier (group ID) in an operating system?

<p>To manage access control for a set of users with common privileges (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of privilege escalation in an operating system?

<p>To allow users to change their effective user ID to one with more rights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of protection mechanisms in an operating system?

<p>To prevent unauthorized access to system resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of security mechanisms in an operating system?

<p>To defend the system against internal and external attacks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Computer System Structure

  • A computer system consists of four major components:
    • Hardware: provides basic computing resources (CPU, memory, I/O devices)
    • Operating System: controls and coordinates use of hardware among various applications and users
    • Application programs: define the ways in which system resources are used to solve computing problems (e.g., word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video games)
    • Users: people, machines, or other computers

Operating System Definition

  • An Operating System (OS) is a resource allocator that manages all resources and decides between conflicting requests for efficient and fair resource use.
  • An OS is also a control program that controls the execution of programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer.

Operating System Goals

  • Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier
  • Make the computer system convenient to use
  • Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner

Computer System Organization

  • The computer system can be divided into four components: hardware, operating system, application programs, and users.
  • The operating system acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware.

Multiprogramming and Timesharing

  • Multiprogramming organizes jobs (code and data) so the CPU always has one to execute.
  • A subset of total jobs in the system is kept in memory, and one job is selected and run via job scheduling.
  • When a job has to wait (for I/O, for example), the OS switches to another job.
  • Timesharing is a logical extension of multiprogramming, where the CPU switches jobs so frequently that users can interact with each job while it is running.

Process Management

  • The operating system manages processes, which are programs in execution.
  • A process requires a PCB (Process Control Block) to manage its execution.

Memory Management

  • Memory management involves allocating and deallocating memory for running programs.
  • Virtual memory allows execution of processes not completely in memory.

Storage Hierarchy

  • Storage systems are organized in a hierarchy based on speed, cost, and volatility.
  • Caching involves copying information into faster storage systems.

Protection and Security

  • Protection is any mechanism for controlling access to resources defined by the OS.
  • Security is the defense of the system against internal and external attacks.

Computing Environments

  • There are various computing environments, including:
    • Client-server computing
    • Peer-to-peer computing
    • Distributed computing
    • Mobile computing

Open-Source Operating Systems

  • Open-source operating systems are made available in source-code format rather than just binary closed-source.
  • Examples include GNU/Linux and BSD UNIX.

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