Operating System Basics
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Operating System Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of an operating system?

  • Executing the initial program to start the computer
  • Controlling the execution of application programs and acting as an interface between applications and the computer hardware (correct)
  • Developing computer system resources effectively
  • Providing access to shared memory for device controllers

    • What are the three objectives of an operating system, as mentioned in the text?

  • Cost-effectiveness, User-friendliness, Innovation
  • Speed, Compatibility, Security
  • Scalability, Flexibility, Robustness
  • Convenience, Efficiency, Ability to evolve (correct)

    • What is the role of a device controller in a computer system?

  • Controlling the execution of the operating system
  • Handling a specific type of device (e.g., disk drives, audio devices) (correct)
  • Executing application programs
  • Managing access to shared memory

    • When a computer is powered up or rebooted, what does it need to have for it to start running?

    <p>An initial program to run (bootstrap program)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'parallel' refer to in the context of CPU and device controllers?

    <p>Simultaneous execution of instructions by the CPU and device controllers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the structure of a modern general-purpose computer system?

    <p>Comprises one or more CPUs and several device controllers connected through a common bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of computer booting, what is the function of the bootstrap program?

    <p>Locating and loading the operating-system kernel into memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of system daemons in a computer system?

    <p>They provide services outside of the kernel and are loaded into memory at boot time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers an interrupt from the hardware in a computer system?

    <p>Sending a signal to the CPU through the system bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of interrupts in a computer system?

    <p>To improve CPU utilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of an I/O program prepares for the actual I/O operation?

    <p>Sequence of instructions labeled 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the solid vertical line represent in the context of the given timeline of operations?

    <p>Segments of code in a program that do not involve I/O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical function of user interfaces in a computer system?

    <p>Means by which users can issue commands to the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do system programs play in a computer system?

    <p>Providing services outside of the kernel and becoming system processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of resource allocation in a computer system?

    <p>To manage and distribute resources effectively among processes and users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of protection and security in a computer system?

    <p>To ensure data integrity and prevent unauthorized access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of Simple Batch Systems?

    <p>Mechanism to prioritize the processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prime focus of Time Sharing Systems compared to Multiprogramming batch systems?

    <p>Minimizing the response time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of Multiprocessor Systems?

    <p>Enhanced performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of Desktop Systems?

    <p>Single user and single tasking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Multiprogramming system aim to achieve?

    <p>Maximize the CPU usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a Simple Batch System, why is the CPU often idle?

    <p>Because I/O devices are much slower than the speed of the CPU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of distributed operating systems?

    <p>Maximizing user convenience and responsiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a peer-to-peer system in a distributed operating system?

    <p>Tasks are partitioned between peers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a real-time operating system?

    <p>It provides minimum time for critical operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of handheld systems?

    <p>Limited size, small amount of memory, slow processors, and small display screens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a simple structured operating system like MS-DOS?

    <p>Application programs can access basic I/O routines directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of a layered structure in an operating system?

    <p>Simplicity of construction and debugging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of microkernels in operating systems?

    <p>To make the kernel as small and efficient as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of the layered approach in an operating system?

    <p>Simplicity of construction and debugging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the disadvantage of a layered approach in an operating system?

    <p>Higher efficiency in processing requests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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