Computer Organization & Architecture Chapter 8 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which system program masks the details of the hardware from the programmer?

  • Instruction Set Architecture
  • Operating system (correct)
  • Application programming interface
  • Execution hardware

    • In which area does the operating system typically provide services for controlled access to files?

  • Program creation
  • Access to I/O devices
  • Program execution
  • System access (correct)

    • What part of the computer hardware and software structure does the operating system provide a convenient interface for using?

  • I/O devices and networking
  • Hardware (correct)
  • Libraries/utilities
  • Application binary interface

    • Which term refers to the system program that provides services for error detection and response?

    <p>Operating system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important function of the operating system as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Masks hardware details from the programmer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the computer hardware and software structure does the operating system not provide services for?

    <p>System interconnect (bus)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Application Programming Interface (API) provide for a program?

    <p>Access to the computer hardware resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interface defines the system call interface to the operating system and the hardware resources and services available in a system through the user ISA?

    <p>Application Binary Interface (ABI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the Operating System as a resource manager?

    <p>Control of hardware resources and services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system allows the user/programmer to interact directly with the computer to request the execution of a job or perform a transaction?

    <p>Interactive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the late 1940s to mid-1950s, how did programmers interact with the computer hardware?

    <p>Directly, with no operating system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common problem faced by early systems due to lack of scheduling?

    <p>Wasted computer idle time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of system involves batching user programs together and submitting them for execution by a computer operator?

    <p>Batch system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enabled application software to be ported easily to other systems that support the same standard?

    <p>Application Binary Interface (API)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of the Operating System as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Control mechanism for hardware resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of system allows users/programmers to communicate with the computer during the execution of a job?

    <p>Interactive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Operating System (OS) Services

    <p>typically provides services in the following areas: Controlled access to files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>ABI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ meowed

    <p>OS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>I/O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>Interactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>Programmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>dog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ meowed

    <p>control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>Operator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>OS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ barked

    <p>System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to the collection of different instructions that the processor can execute?

    <p>Machine instruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the operation code (opcode) specify in a machine instruction?

    <p>The operation to be performed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the source operand reference in a machine instruction?

    <p>It specifies the inputs for the operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the result operand reference in a machine instruction?

    <p>It specifies where to store the result of the operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the next instruction reference in a machine instruction indicate?

    <p>Where to fetch the next instruction after execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the binary code specifying the operation to be performed known as in a machine instruction?

    <p>Operation code (opcode)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Operand address calculation in the instruction cycle?

    <p>To locate the source operand in the memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the representation of Opcodes by abbreviations called mnemonics allow programmers to do?

    <p>Easily remember and use the opcodes in programming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Arithmetic instructions as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Provide computational capabilities for processing numeric data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a primary responsibility of the Operating System as a resource manager according to the text?

    <p>Provide capabilities for processing any type of data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the immediate area contain as mentioned in the text?

    <p>The value of the operand is contained in a field in the executed instruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Test instructions as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Used to test the value of a data word or the status of a computation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by Operand fetch as part of the instruction cycle?

    <p>Locating the source operand in memory based on its address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Logic (Boolean) instructions operate on as mentioned in the text?

    <p>The bits of a word as bits rather than as numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system allows users/programmers to communicate with the computer during execution of a job?

    <p>Time Sharing System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of the Operating System as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Manage computer resources efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Operating System (OS) Services

    • The Operating System (OS) masks the details of the hardware from the programmer.
    • The OS provides services for controlled access to files in the file management area.
    • The OS provides a convenient interface for using the computer hardware and software structure.

    System Program

    • The term "system program" refers to the program that provides services for error detection and response.
    • The most important function of the OS is to provide a convenient interface for using the computer hardware and software structure.

    Application Programming Interface (API)

    • The API provides a set of libraries and tools for a program to use.

    Interface

    • The system call interface defines the interface to the OS and the hardware resources and services available in a system through the user ISA.
    • The primary responsibility of the OS as a resource manager is to manage the allocation and deallocation of system resources.

    System Interaction

    • In the early days, programmers interacted with the computer hardware directly.
    • A batch system involves batching user programs together and submitting them for execution by a computer operator.
    • A time-sharing system allows users/programmers to interact with the computer during the execution of a job.

    Portability

    • The use of standard APIs enabled application software to be ported easily to other systems that support the same standard.

    Instruction Set

    • The term "Instruction Set" refers to the collection of different instructions that the processor can execute.
    • The operation code (opcode) specifies the operation to be performed in a machine instruction.
    • The source operand reference specifies the location of the data to be used in a machine instruction.
    • The result operand reference specifies the location where the result of the operation will be stored.
    • The next instruction reference indicates the location of the next instruction to be executed.
    • The binary code specifying the operation to be performed is known as the opcode.
    • The operand address calculation is used to calculate the address of the operand in the instruction cycle.
    • The representation of opcodes by abbreviations (mnemonics) allows programmers to write instructions more easily.
    • Arithmetic instructions perform arithmetic operations such as addition and subtraction.
    • The immediate area contains the data to be used in the instruction.
    • Test instructions are used to test conditions and make decisions.
    • Operand fetch involves retrieving the operands (data) needed for the instruction.
    • Logic (Boolean) instructions operate on binary values (true or false).
    • The OS is not responsible for managing the allocation of the keyboard.

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