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Open Fractures: Definition, Mechanism, and Pathology

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Open Fractures: Definition, Mechanism, and Pathology

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of open fractures?

Skin wound directly over the fracture site

No exposure to external environment

Exposed bone and/or fracture hematoma internally

Traumatic violation of soft tissue with internal skin wound (correct)

Which mechanism is associated with high-energy injuries like motor vehicle accidents and violence?

Compression injury

Direct low-energy injury

Indirect high-energy torsion (correct)

Penetrating trauma

In the classification system for mangled extremities, what does the MESS score help determine?

Severity of soft tissue injuries

Need for amputation (correct)

Risk of fat embolism

Extent of nerve damage

What is the primary factor leading to hypovolemic shock?

Severe blood or fluid loss Signup and view all the answers

How is compartment syndrome typically characterized?

Pain that is out of proportion to the injury Signup and view all the answers

Which management approach is recommended for hypovolemic shock?

Starting two large-bore IV lines Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common site for fractures involving the diaphysis and metaphysis?

Tibia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of poor tissue oxygenation in the context of open fractures?

Bacterial contamination Signup and view all the answers

How is the MESS score used in the context of mangled extremities?

To predict the need for limb amputation Signup and view all the answers

What is the emergency condition characterized by severe blood or fluid loss and inadequate heart function?

Hypovolemic shock Signup and view all the answers

In the context of compartment syndrome, what does the '5 Ps' refer to?

Symptoms experienced Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended surgical intervention for managing compartment syndrome?

Fasciotomy Signup and view all the answers