40 Questions
What is the maximum total number of cells that multiply by the 5th month?
7 million
What is the stage at which primary oocytes are held in a resting state at birth?
Diplotene stage
What is the structure formed by the secretion of glycoproteins during follicular development?
Zona pellucida
How many follicles typically mature each month?
15-20
What is the characteristic of the daughter cells produced after Meiosis I is completed?
They are unequal in size
What is the primary purpose of Meiosis II in oogenesis?
To complete only if the oocyte is fertilized
What is the term for the process by which spermatogonia mature into spermatozoa?
Spermatogenesis
What is the fate of the cell that degenerates around 24 hours after ovulation?
It becomes a polar body
What is the function of the acrosome in spermatozoa?
To facilitate fertilization
What is the primary regulator of spermatogenesis?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What is the primary function of meiosis in the human body?
Gamete production
During which week of human development do primordial germ cells move to the wall of the yolk sac?
4th week
What is the term for the process of reducing the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid in gametes?
Reductive division
What is the outcome of fertilization between a haploid egg and a haploid sperm?
Formation of a diploid zygote
What is the total number of chromosomes present in a human gamete?
23
What is the approximate incidence rate of Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome?
1 in 3000
What is the primary significance of meiosis I in sexual reproduction?
It maintains the ploidy of the species across generations
Which syndrome is characterized by a monosomy, where cells have 45 chromosomes with only one X?
Turner syndrome
What is the typical ratio of female to male predominance in Trisomy 13?
3:1
What is the consequence of the random fusion of haploid gametes during fertilization?
Increased genetic variation in the population
What is the approximate percentage of Trisomy 13 cases that do not survive past one month?
80%
What is the term for a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of n?
Aneuploid
What is the characteristic of Klinefelter syndrome, in terms of the number of chromosomes in cells?
47 chromosomes
What is the characteristic of Down's syndrome?
Lower-than-normal ratio of the skull's length to its width
What is the approximate incidence of Trisomy 18/Edwards syndrome in newborns?
1 in 6000
What is the primary difference between prophase I and prophase II in meiosis?
No crossing over occurs in prophase II
During which stage of meiosis do kinetochore microtubules from opposite poles attach to chromosomes?
Metaphase II
What is the result of the depolymerization of kinetochore microtubules in anaphase I?
Homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles
What is the number of haploid daughter cells formed after the completion of meiosis II?
4
During which stage of meiosis do chromosomes decondense to form chromatin?
Telophase II
During Meiosis II, what is the primary function of separase?
To cleave cohesin proteins between sister chromatids
What is the final number of chromosomes per nucleus after Meiosis II?
23
What is the result of crossing over during Prophase I of Meiosis I?
Sister chromatids become genetically different
During Meiosis II, what is the outcome of the contraction of kinetochore spindle fibres?
Sister chromatids move towards opposite poles
What is the final number of DNA molecules per nucleus after Meiosis II?
23/2
What is the result of cytokinesis during Meiosis II?
Four genetically different haploid daughter cells
What is the stage during which nucleoli reappear in each daughter nucleus?
Telophase of Meiosis II
What is the primary function of kinetochore microtubules during Meiosis II?
To direct sister chromatids towards the metaphase plate
What is the outcome of the formation of cleavage furrow during Meiosis II?
Four genetically different haploid daughter cells
During Meiosis II, what is the result of the depolymerization of microtubules?
Kinetochore spindle fibres contract
Learn about the multiplication of cells during oogenesis, the formation of primordial follicles, and the development of primary oocytes. Understand the process of cell death and the survival of oocytes near the surface of the cluster. Test your knowledge of human reproductive biology!
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