Podcast
Questions and Answers
What defines an emerging infectious disease?
What defines an emerging infectious disease?
- A disease that has been eradicated and is now reappearing
- A disease that is primarily caused by environmental factors
- A disease recognized for the first time or showing increased incidence (correct)
- A disease that only affects animals and not humans
Which of the following best describes zoonosis?
Which of the following best describes zoonosis?
- A disease that can be transmitted between humans and non-human animals (correct)
- A disease that can be transmitted from one human to another
- A pathogen that only affects non-human animals
- A disease caused solely by environmental changes
What is the main characteristic of a communicable disease?
What is the main characteristic of a communicable disease?
- It can be transmitted directly or indirectly between individuals (correct)
- It cannot be spread through physical contact
- It is a disease that only exists in one geographical area
- It is only caused by environmental factors
What is the main difference between food safety and food security?
What is the main difference between food safety and food security?
What does the term 'spillover' refer to in infectious diseases?
What does the term 'spillover' refer to in infectious diseases?
Which of the following statements about pathogens is accurate?
Which of the following statements about pathogens is accurate?
Which of the following best describes the transdisciplinary approach in One Health?
Which of the following best describes the transdisciplinary approach in One Health?
What role do modern zoos play in relation to biodiversity?
What role do modern zoos play in relation to biodiversity?
Which aspect of sustainability is emphasized in the systems thinking and complexity approach?
Which aspect of sustainability is emphasized in the systems thinking and complexity approach?
What is the significance of the Wild Animal Protection Ordinance enacted on 1st August 2024?
What is the significance of the Wild Animal Protection Ordinance enacted on 1st August 2024?
What is the primary purpose of biosecurity measures?
What is the primary purpose of biosecurity measures?
Which factor is crucial for understanding system behavior according to the defined system approach?
Which factor is crucial for understanding system behavior according to the defined system approach?
What does the term 'leverage points' refer to in a system?
What does the term 'leverage points' refer to in a system?
Which animal is primarily linked to the transmission of Canine Distemper to lions in the Serengeti?
Which animal is primarily linked to the transmission of Canine Distemper to lions in the Serengeti?
What is the focus of the 'One Health' approach?
What is the focus of the 'One Health' approach?
Which process refers to the body developing memory in response to pathogens?
Which process refers to the body developing memory in response to pathogens?
How does the threat of uncertainty in a system potentially impact decision-making?
How does the threat of uncertainty in a system potentially impact decision-making?
Which of the following best describes 'foresight' in the context of systems thinking?
Which of the following best describes 'foresight' in the context of systems thinking?
What is the primary focus of human development?
What is the primary focus of human development?
What does the concept of equity involve?
What does the concept of equity involve?
Which approach integrates knowledge from various disciplines while maintaining their boundaries?
Which approach integrates knowledge from various disciplines while maintaining their boundaries?
Critical reflexivity is best described as which of the following?
Critical reflexivity is best described as which of the following?
Sustainability refers to the ability to be maintained at what?
Sustainability refers to the ability to be maintained at what?
Which of the following best defines an ecosystem?
Which of the following best defines an ecosystem?
What characterizes a transdisciplinary approach?
What characterizes a transdisciplinary approach?
Which of the following describes inclusivity?
Which of the following describes inclusivity?
Critical thinking primarily involves which of the following?
Critical thinking primarily involves which of the following?
What is the fundamental aspect of a multidisciplinary approach?
What is the fundamental aspect of a multidisciplinary approach?
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Study Notes
Introduction to One Health Initiatives (OHI)
- One Health integrates human, animal, and environmental health.
- Historical approaches have evolved to recognize interconnected systems.
- Key principles emphasize collaboration, coordination, and communication across disciplines for transformative outcomes.
Global Context and Food Systems
- Food safety ensures food does not harm consumers.
- Food security aims for adequate food production, preventing undernutrition.
- Food quality focuses on producing nutritious and consumer-acceptable food.
Animal Disease Control
- Companion animals fulfill emotional, behavioral, and social needs of humans.
- Maintaining sustainability, biodiversity, and environmental health is crucial for future ecosystems.
Wild & Stray Animal Management
- Hong Kong recognizes six common wild & stray species along with their associated diseases.
- The Wild Animal Protection Ordinance effective from August 2024 aims to protect local wildlife.
Emerging Infectious Diseases
- Pathogens are microorganisms that cause diseases upon host colonization.
- Infection refers to the multiplication of pathogens within a host or population.
- Zoonosis involves diseases that can transfer between humans and animals.
- Emerging infectious diseases are newly recognized or evolved diseases that show increased incidence or geographical spread.
- Re-emerging diseases are those that have previously declined but resurface.
Spillover Effects
- Spillover occurs when pathogens transmit from reservoirs to new species, leading to disease.
- Notable examples include SARS-CoV-2 transmission mechanisms involving bats and pangolins.
- Canine distemper shows transmission dynamics between wild dogs and other species, affecting populations.
Biosecurity and Immunization
- Biosecurity encompasses strategies to prevent pathogen spread.
- Immunization helps the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens in the future.
System Thinking and Complexity
- A system consists of interconnected elements organized to produce specific behaviors.
- Stocks refer to accumulations within the system; flow indicates changes over time.
- Feedback loops can influence conditions within the system.
- Understanding system behavior relies on identifying repeating event patterns.
Foresight and Futures Thinking
- Foresight employs methods to anticipate future scenarios and outcomes, utilizing tools like the Futures Wheel.
Glossary of Key Terms
- One Health: An integrative approach that balances health across people, animals, and ecosystems.
- Sustainability: Ability to maintain processes over time.
- Ecosystem: Interaction of living organisms and their environment.
- Equity, Equality, and Inclusivity: Concepts related to rights, opportunities, and community value.
- Development: Growth and advancement in changing contexts, focusing on human enhancement.
- Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary: Collaboration across boundaries versus integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines.
- Transdisciplinary: Development of a new framework beyond traditional disciplinary confines.
- Critical Thinking: Objective evaluation of information and arguments.
- Critical Reflexivity: Self-assessment of personal beliefs and values.
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