Oncology and Lymphatic System Disorders

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What is the most common type of hemangioma?

Capillary hemangioma (correct)
Cavernous hemangioma
Juvenile hemangioma
Mixed hemangioma

What is the characteristic of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia?

It is a benign tumor that only occurs in the skin and oral mucous membranes
It is a malignant tumor composed of blood-filled vessels
It is an autosomal dominant disorder with mutations in genes encoding TGF-β signaling pathway components (correct)
It is a type of hemangioma that always regresses spontaneously

What is a characteristic of juvenile hemangiomas?

They are found only in the liver and spleen
They are extremely common and can be multiple (correct)
They always undergo malignant transformation
They are extremely rare and always occur internally

What can occur due to the rupture of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia lesions?

Serious epistaxis (nosebleed), gastrointestinal bleeding, or hematuria (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of benign tumors of infancy and childhood are hemangiomas?

7% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of nearly one third of internal hemangiomas?

Liver (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of chronic edema in lymphedema?

Deposition of ECM and fibrosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the milky accumulation of lymph in the abdominal space?

Chylous ascites (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of benign vascular tumors?

Composed of vascular channels filled with blood cells or lymph lined by a monolayer of normal-appearing ECs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tumor-like lesions that can present diagnostic challenges?

Congenital or developmental malformations and non-neoplastic reactive vascular proliferations (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of benign vascular neoplasm?

Benign hemangiomas (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of malignant vascular tumors?

Highly aggressive and invasive (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where are Bacillary Angiomatosis lesions most commonly found?

In the distal portion of the digits (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Bacillary Angiomatosis?

Antibiotic treatment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of HIF1α in Bacillary Angiomatosis?

It drives VEGF production and vascular proliferation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the vector of transmission for Bartonella quintana?

Human body lice (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Kaposi sarcoma used as a criterion for the diagnosis of?

AIDS (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the epithelioid ECs in Bacillary Angiomatosis?

They exhibit nuclear atypia and mitoses (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible origin of a tumor in instances where it arises from lymphatic vessels?

Lymphangiosarcoma (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common finding in advanced skin angiosarcoma lesions?

Necrosis and hemorrhage (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of poorly differentiated skin angiosarcoma tumors?

EC origin can be demonstrated by staining for CD31 and von Willebrand factor (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible cause of hepatic angiosarcomas?

Certain carcinogens, including arsenical pesticides and polyvinyl chloride (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical timeframe between exposure and subsequent tumor development in cases of angiosarcoma?

Years (A) Signup and view all the answers

What can occur when certain neoplasms grow within veins?

Marked lower-extremity edema (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of lymphangitis?

Red, painful subcutaneous streaks (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a cause of secondary or obstructive lymphedema?

Tumors involving lymphatic channels or regional lymph nodes (B) Signup and view all the answers