Oncology and Cardiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What physical exam finding is indicative of aortic stenosis?

  • Tachycardia
  • Bounding pulses
  • Bradycardia
  • Pulsus parvus et tardus (correct)

    • What is the most important therapeutic step in managing acute pancreatitis?

  • Surgical intervention
  • Pain management
  • Administering antibiotics
  • IV fluid resuscitation (correct)

    • Which two factors are the leading risk factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)?

  • Chronic alcohol use and Hep C infection
  • Cirrhosis and Hep B infection (correct)
  • Obesity and diabetes
  • Chronic hepatitis and smoking

    • Which is the most common opportunistic pathogen observed in transplant patients?

    <p>CMV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recognized as the primary risk factor for prostate cancer?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what gestational week should screening for gestational diabetes start?

    <p>24 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is administered after a positive result from the 1-hour glucose test for gestational diabetes?

    <p>3-hour glucose tolerance test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age range is recommended for lung cancer screening?

    <p>50-80 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum pack-year history required to qualify for lung cancer screening?

    <p>20 pack-years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How frequently should lung cancer screening be conducted once eligible?

    <p>Three times a year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the screening protocol for colon cancer in patients diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis?

    <p>Screen at the time of diagnosis, then every 1-2 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should someone begin screening for colon cancer after being diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

    <p>8 years after diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of diagnosing primary sclerosing cholangitis in a patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

    <p>It requires immediate colon cancer screening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What follow-up frequency is recommended for colon cancer screening in a patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease but without primary sclerosing cholangitis?

    <p>Every 1-3 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action for patients with MEN 2A or 2B concerning medullary thyroid cancer?

    <p>Prophylactic thyroidectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age should screening for colon cancer begin for individuals with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis?

    <p>Age 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the screening guideline for women with BRCA mutations who are aged over 30?

    <p>Annual breast MRI and annual mammography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which years should women with BRCA mutations undergo annual breast mammograms?

    <p>25-29 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How frequently should colon cancer screening be conducted for individuals with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis?

    <p>Every year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age should hypertension screening start and how frequently should it be done for individuals aged 18 to 40?

    <p>Begin at age 18 and screen every 3-5 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of individuals requires screening for diabetes every 6 months?

    <p>Obese individuals between ages 40-70</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should individuals with diabetes undergo hyperlipidemia screening?

    <p>Every year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For individuals who have had a hysterectomy due to cervical cancer, how long will they continue to have pap smears?

    <p>For 20 years after the surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial screening age for hyperlipidemia?

    <p>Age 20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does the USPSTF recommend starting breast cancer screening?

    <p>Age 50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended screening frequency for breast cancer according to the ACS?

    <p>Every year starting at age 40</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure necessitates a Pap smear of the vaginal cuff?

    <p>Hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary recommendation for individuals who have had a hysterectomy for benign reasons regarding cervical cancer screening?

    <p>No screening is needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is cervical cancer screening no longer required after a hysterectomy?

    <p>After a hysterectomy for benign reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI)

    • Physical Exam Finding: Pulsus parvus et tardus (delayed upstroke in carotid pulse).
    • Therapeutic Step in Acute Pancreatitis Management: IV fluid resuscitation.
    • Opportunistic Pathogen in Transplant Patients: Cytomegalovirus (CMV).

    Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

    • Risk Factors:
      • Cirrhosis
      • Hepatitis B infection

    Prostate Cancer

    • Number 1 Risk Factor: Age

    Bladder Cancer

    • Number 1 Risk Factor: Smoking

    Gestational Diabetes

    • Screening: Start at 24 weeks with a 1-hour glucose test.
    • Follow-up: If positive, follow with a 3-hour glucose tolerance test.
    • Initial Pregnancy Screening: HIV, HBV, and syphilis.

    Lung Cancer

    • Screening Eligibility: Individuals aged 50-80.
    • Screening Criteria: 20+ pack-year smoking history, current smoking or quit less than 15 years ago.
    • Screening Method: Low-dose CT scan, performed every 3 years.

    Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

    • Colon Cancer Screening: Begin screening 8 years after initial IBD diagnosis.
    • Frequency: Screen every 1-3 years thereafter.
    • Exception: If diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), screen for colon cancer at diagnosis, then every 1-2 years.

    Medullary Thyroid Cancer

    • MEN 2A or 2B: Prophylactic thyroidectomy is recommended. Medullary thyroid cancer is virtually guaranteed to occur.

    Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)

    • Colon Cancer Screening: Start at age 10.
    • Frequency: Continue annual screening.

    Breast Cancer Screening for Women with BRCA Mutations

    • Age 25-29: Annual breast mammogram.
    • Age 30+: Annual breast MRI and annual mammogram.

    Hypertension Screening

    • Screening: Age 18-40 every 3-5 years.
    • Screening: Age 40+ every 1-2 years.

    Diabetes Screening

    • Screening: Obese individuals (age 40-70) every 6 months.
    • Screening: Hypertension over 135/80 (age 45+) every 6 months.

    Hyperlipidemia Screening

    • Initial Screening: Age 20.
    • Diabetic Screening: Annual.

    Cervical Cancer

    • If hysterectomy for benign reasons → no screening
    • If hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia/cancer → Pap of vaginal cuff.
    • If hysterectomy for cervical cancer: No further pap smears for 20 years after surgery.

    Breast Cancer Screening

    • USPSTF recommendation: Start at age 50, every 2 years.
    • ACS recommendation: Start at age 40, every year.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on critical medical topics such as Acute Myocardial Infarction, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Prostate Cancer, and Bladder Cancer. This quiz covers risk factors, physical exam findings, and management steps relevant to these conditions. Perfect for medical students and healthcare professionals.

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