Medical Terminology - Cardiology Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'cardiovascular' pertain to?

Lungs
Digestive system
Heart and blood vessels (correct)
Nervous system

What is the definition of 'vascular'?

Having to do with, composed of, or provided with vessels that convey blood or lymph.

What does 'cardiac' refer to?

Pertaining to the heart.

What are the atria?

Each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives and holds blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a ventricle?

A chamber of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pumps it to the arteries. Signup and view all the answers

What is the septum?

The thick muscular wall that separates the left side of the heart from the right side. Signup and view all the answers

What does the apex of the heart refer to?

The lower tip of the heart which extends slightly to the left and rests on the diaphragm. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of heart valves?

Structures that open and close to control the flow of blood. Signup and view all the answers

What valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

Tricuspid valve. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pulmonary valve connected to?

The right ventricle and pulmonary trunk. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the mitral valve located?

Between the left atrium and left ventricle. Signup and view all the answers

Define bicuspid valve.

A heart valve with two flaps, also known as the mitral valve. Signup and view all the answers

What does the aortic valve do?

It is the heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta. Signup and view all the answers

What is myocardium?

The thick middle muscular layer of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What are chordae tendineae?

Rope-like strands that support the tricuspid and mitral valves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the endocardium?

The inner layer of the heart wall consisting of epithelium and connective tissue. Signup and view all the answers

Define pericardium.

A double-layered serous membrane that surrounds the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'visceral' refer to in the context of the heart?

The part of the membrane that is next to the surface of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the epicardium?

The external layer of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does the parietal pericardium represent?

The outer wall of the pericardial sac. Signup and view all the answers

What is contained in the thoracic cavity?

Contains the lungs and the mediastinum. Signup and view all the answers

What is located in the mediastinum?

The heart, great vessels, thymus, trachea, and esophagus. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cardiothoracic' refer to?

Pertaining to the heart and thoracic cavity. Signup and view all the answers

What is vasculature?

Network of blood vessels in a particular organ. Signup and view all the answers

What is the lumen in blood vessels?

An opening through which blood flows. Signup and view all the answers

What is endothelium?

The smooth inner layer of cells that line blood vessels. Signup and view all the answers

Define intima.

The innermost membrane of an organ, specifically for arteries or veins. Signup and view all the answers

What is an artery?

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does vasoconstriction mean?

Reduction in the lumen as the smooth muscle contracts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pulmonary valve responsible for?

Regulating blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs. Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Cardiovascular Terminology

Cardiovascular: Relates to the heart and blood vessels.
Vascular: Involves the structures that convey blood or lymph.
Cardiac: Pertains specifically to the heart's function and structure.

Heart Chambers

Atrium: Upper chambers that receive blood before it enters the ventricles.
Ventricle: Lower chambers that pump blood to the arteries.

Heart Structure

Septum: Thick wall dividing the heart's left and right sides, preventing mixed blood.
Apex: Lower tip of the heart that rests on the diaphragm.

Heart Valves

Valve: Structures controlling blood flow; includes tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, and aortic valves.
Tricuspid Valve: Located between the right atrium and ventricle; has three cusps.
Pulmonary Valve: Connects the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries.
Mitral Valve: Between the left atrium and ventricle; known as the bicuspid valve.
Bicuspid Valve: Two-flapped valve; essentially the same as the mitral valve.
Aortic Valve: Situated between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Heart Layers and Support Structures

Myocardium: Thick muscular layer that contracts to pump blood.
Chordae Tendineae: Ropelike structures that prevent backflow in valves.
Endocardium: Inner layer of the heart’s wall made of epithelium and connective tissue.
Pericardium: Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart, filled with fluid.
Visceral Pericardium (Epicardium): Inner layer of pericardium directly on the heart.
Parietal Pericardium: Outer layer forming the pericardial sac.

Thoracic Anatomy

Thoracic Cavity: Encloses the lungs and mediastinum.
Mediastinum: Space between the lungs that houses the heart, vessels, and trachea.

Circulatory Terms

Cardiothoracic: Related to both heart and thoracic cavity.
Vasculature: Network of blood vessels specific to an organ.
Lumen: Central opening in blood vessels for blood flow.
Endothelium: Smooth inner cell layer in blood vessels promoting blood flow.

Vascular Functions

Intima: Innermost membrane lining blood vessels, equivalent to endothelium.
Artery: Blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart.
Vasoconstriction: Narrowing of blood vessels due to smooth muscle contraction.

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