Quiz on Digestive System Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the Enteric Nervous System in the digestive system?

  • Regulate body temperature
  • Coordinate peristalsis and local reflexes (correct)
  • Produce insulin
  • Control heart rate
  • Which neurotransmitter inhibits activities in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract according to the text?

  • Gastrin
  • Serotonin
  • Norepinephrine (correct)
  • Acetylcholine
  • What is the function of Serous fluid produced by the Peritoneal Membranes?

  • Initiate hormone secretion
  • Inhibit digestion
  • Reduce friction as organs move in the abdominal cavity (correct)
  • Stimulate motility
  • Which of the following organs is considered retroperitoneal according to the text?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Mesenteries in the abdominal cavity?

    <p>Hold many organs in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon?

    <p>Greater omentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for the mechanical breaking down of food in the digestive system?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mucus in the digestive system?

    <p>Protect and lubricate the digestive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive system is responsible for introducing food into the stomach?

    <p>Mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of peristalsis in the digestive system?

    <p>Move material through the digestive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accessory organ secretes fluids into the digestive tract?

    <p>Gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of water in the digestive system?

    <p>Make food easier to digest and absorb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells produce pepsinogen?

    <p>Chief cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of intrinsic factor produced by parietal cells?

    <p>Facilitating the absorption of vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances stimulates the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the rugae in the stomach?

    <p>Allowing the stomach to stretch and hold more food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of surface mucous cells in the stomach?

    <p>Producing alkaline mucus to protect the stomach lining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the mixture of food and stomach secretions?

    <p>Chyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is involved in the control of defecation?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of hemorrhoids?

    <p>Enlargement or inflammation of rectal veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the major secretion product of the large intestine?

    <p>Mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mucus secreted by the large intestine?

    <p>To lubricate the walls of the colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors determines the amount of gases (flatus) produced in the large intestine?

    <p>The type of food consumed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary stimulus for initiating the defecation reflex?

    <p>Distension of the rectum by feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of insulin in glucose transport into cells?

    <p>Influences the rate of glucose transport into cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of bile salts in lipid digestion?

    <p>Create micelles to facilitate digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are fatty acids and glycerol absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells?

    <p>Via simple diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to fatty acids and glycerol within the intestinal epithelial cell?

    <p>They are converted to triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components make up the majority of chylomicrons?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of chylomicrons after they leave the intestinal epithelial cells?

    <p>Lacteals -&gt; thoracic duct -&gt; bloodstream -&gt; adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • The digestive system is regulated by nervous and chemical mechanisms.
    • The enteric nervous system controls secretions and motility independently of the CNS.
    • Major ENS neurotransmitters include acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.
    • The CNS is involved in reflexes triggered by sight, smell, and taste of food.
    • The peritoneum consists of visceral and parietal membranes, with retroperitoneal organs like kidneys and pancreas.
    • Mesenteries hold abdominal organs in place and allow passage of vessels and nerves.
    • Ligaments like the coronary ligament connect organs within the digestive system.
    • The stomach can stretch and hold up to 4 liters of food when full.
    • Gastric pits in the stomach have different epithelial cells producing mucus, hydrochloric acid, and pepsinogen.
    • The large intestine secretes mucus, with bacterial actions producing gases like flatus.
    • Movement in the large intestine involves sluggish peristalsis and mass movements to propel content toward the rectum.
    • Control of defecation involves reflexes and voluntary movements.
    • Glucose transport into cells requires energy and is influenced by insulin.
    • Lipids in the digestive system include triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids.
    • Lipids are broken down by lipases, emulsified by bile salts, and absorbed as micelles in the intestines.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the digestive system including the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. Learn about the different regions and functions of the digestive system with this quiz.

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