Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a main division of the digestive system?
Which of the following is NOT a main division of the digestive system?
- Mouth region
- Accessory organs
- Respiratory tract (correct)
- Gastrointestinal tract
Which structure is responsible for detecting the texture and temperature of food?
Which structure is responsible for detecting the texture and temperature of food?
- Tongue
- Lips (correct)
- Teeth
- Palate
What is the function of the palate in the mouth?
What is the function of the palate in the mouth?
- Detecting the temperature of food
- Mixing food with saliva
- Breaking down food particles
- Pushing food against the upper boundary during chewing (correct)
Which part of the tongue contains taste buds?
Which part of the tongue contains taste buds?
Which type of teeth is primarily responsible for cutting food?
Which type of teeth is primarily responsible for cutting food?
Which section of the pharynx is a passageway for both air and food?
Which section of the pharynx is a passageway for both air and food?
What is the role of the epiglottis during swallowing?
What is the role of the epiglottis during swallowing?
What is the main function of the esophagus?
What is the main function of the esophagus?
What is the purpose of sphincters in the digestive system?
What is the purpose of sphincters in the digestive system?
Which function is the stomach responsible for?
Which function is the stomach responsible for?
What is the role of rugae in the stomach?
What is the role of rugae in the stomach?
In which part of the small intestine does chyme mix with digestive enzymes?
In which part of the small intestine does chyme mix with digestive enzymes?
What is the primary function of the jejunum?
What is the primary function of the jejunum?
Which process mainly occurs in the large intestine?
Which process mainly occurs in the large intestine?
What do salivary glands secrete to aid in digestion?
What do salivary glands secrete to aid in digestion?
Which of the following glands are part of the salivary glands?
Which of the following glands are part of the salivary glands?
What substance does the liver produce to aid in lipid digestion?
What substance does the liver produce to aid in lipid digestion?
What is the function of the gallbladder?
What is the function of the gallbladder?
Which of the following is secreted by the pancreas?
Which of the following is secreted by the pancreas?
Which nutrients are primarily broken down by pancreatic juice?
Which nutrients are primarily broken down by pancreatic juice?
Which digestive process occurs primarily in the mouth?
Which digestive process occurs primarily in the mouth?
What process primarily occurs in the gastrointestinal tract?
What process primarily occurs in the gastrointestinal tract?
What is the main contribution of accessory organs to digestion?
What is the main contribution of accessory organs to digestion?
Insanely difficult: If a patient lacks rugae in their stomach, which function would be most compromised?
Insanely difficult: If a patient lacks rugae in their stomach, which function would be most compromised?
Insanely Difficult: A hypothetical drug selectively impairs the function of the ileum. Of the following processes, which would be most directly affected?
Insanely Difficult: A hypothetical drug selectively impairs the function of the ileum. Of the following processes, which would be most directly affected?
Flashcards
What is the function of the lips?
What is the function of the lips?
Breaks down food using sensory receptors that detect the texture and temperature.
What is the palate?
What is the palate?
The upper boundary of the mouth, against which food is pushed during chewing.
What is the tongue's function in digestion?
What is the tongue's function in digestion?
Functions for tasting, mixing, and swallowing food.
What is the function of teeth?
What is the function of teeth?
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What is the function of incisors?
What is the function of incisors?
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What is the function of canines?
What is the function of canines?
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What is the function of premolars?
What is the function of premolars?
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What is the function of molars?
What is the function of molars?
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What is the pharynx?
What is the pharynx?
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What is the function of the nasopharynx?
What is the function of the nasopharynx?
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What is the function of the oropharynx?
What is the function of the oropharynx?
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What is the function of the laryngopharynx?
What is the function of the laryngopharynx?
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What is the epiglottis?
What is the epiglottis?
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What is the esophagus?
What is the esophagus?
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What is the function of sphincters?
What is the function of sphincters?
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What is the stomach?
What is the stomach?
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What is the function of rugae?
What is the function of rugae?
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What are the three sections of the stomach?
What are the three sections of the stomach?
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What is the small intestine?
What is the small intestine?
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What occurs in the duodenum?
What occurs in the duodenum?
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What is the jejunum?
What is the jejunum?
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What is the ileum?
What is the ileum?
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What is the large intestine?
What is the large intestine?
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What is the function of salivary glands?
What is the function of salivary glands?
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What is the function of bile?
What is the function of bile?
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Study Notes
- Digestive System is composed of three main divisions.
- The mouth region or oral cavity.
- The gastrointestinal tract.
- The accessory organs.
The Mouth Region
- Lips possess sensory receptors capable of sensing the texture and temperature of food.
- Palate, the mouth's upper boundary, provides a surface against which food is pressed during chewing.
- The tongue is essential for tasting, mixing, and swallowing food.
- Papillae, are tiny bumps on the tongue's surface, which contain taste buds.
- Teeth break down food physically.
- Incisors perform cutting.
- Canines are for tearing.
- Premolars tear and crush.
- Molars grind and crush.
Pharynx and Epiglottis
- The pharynx links the mouth to the esophagus.
- Nasopharynx allows passage of air only.
- Oropharynx is a passageway for food and air.
- Laryngopharynx permits the passage of only food.
- Epiglottis, a cartilaginous tissue, prevents food and water from entering the respiratory tract.
The Gastrointestinal Tract
- Esophagus,a muscular tube, transports food from the mouth to the stomach.
- Sphincters stop the backflow of food
- The stomach breaksdown and stores food
- The stomach produces acids, mucus, and enzymes.
- The stomach has two sphincters.
- Cardiac sphincter to prevent backflow
- Pyloric sphincter to prevent backflow
- The stomach three sections
- Cardia
- Fundus
- Pylorus
- Rugae are folds in the inner walls that allow the stomach to stretch and accommodate large meals.
- The small intestine helps with the final digestion phase.
- Duodenum mixes chyme with the enzymes.
- Jejunum absorbs the nutrients.
- Ileum allows for the digestion and further absorption.
- The large intestine is the final part of the digestive system.
- Large intestine allows for vitamin and water absorption.
- Chyme turns into feces in the large intestine.
The Accessory Organs
- Salivary glands secrete saliva into the mouth, cleaning teeth, lubricating food, and enabling chemical digestion.
- Parotid gland.
- Submandibular.
- Sublingual gland.
- Liver is the second largest organ and produces bile.
- Bile helps to aid with lipid digestion.
- Gallbladder stores bile until duodenum demands it.
- Pancreas is yellowish and it secretes pancreatic juice.
- The pancreas breaks down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
Key Points
- The mouth or oral cavity allows for both phases of the breakdown process of food either by physically or chemically.
- The gastrointestinal tract allows for the chemical breakdown of food, needed for absorption of nutrients and water.
- Accessory organs help produce different compounds and enzymes that help with the phase of chemical breakdown.
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Description
The digestive system consists of the mouth region, gastrointestinal tract, and accessory organs. The mouth includes lips, palate, tongue, and teeth which are essential for tasting, mixing, and breaking down food. The pharynx links the mouth to the esophagus, with the epiglottis preventing food from entering the respiratory system.
