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Questions and Answers
In a circuit with constant voltage, how does increasing the resistance affect the current flow?
In a circuit with constant voltage, how does increasing the resistance affect the current flow?
- The current increases.
- The current decreases. (correct)
- The current increases exponentially.
- The current remains constant.
A series circuit includes a 9-volt battery and two resistors, $R1 = 2$ ohms and $R2 = 4$ ohms. What is the current flowing through the circuit?
A series circuit includes a 9-volt battery and two resistors, $R1 = 2$ ohms and $R2 = 4$ ohms. What is the current flowing through the circuit?
- 4.5 amps
- 1.5 amps (correct)
- 6 amps
- 2.25 amps
According to Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, what is the sum of all voltage drops and rises around a closed circuit loop?
According to Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, what is the sum of all voltage drops and rises around a closed circuit loop?
- Equal to zero. (correct)
- Equal to the source voltage.
- Equal to the total current in the loop.
- Equal to the highest resistance in the loop.
In a parallel circuit with a 12-volt source, two resistors are present: $R1 = 6$ ohms and $R2 = 12$ ohms. What is the total current supplied by the voltage source?
In a parallel circuit with a 12-volt source, two resistors are present: $R1 = 6$ ohms and $R2 = 12$ ohms. What is the total current supplied by the voltage source?
What characteristic remains constant across each resistor in a parallel circuit?
What characteristic remains constant across each resistor in a parallel circuit?
A series circuit has three resistors with voltage drops of 5V, 10V, and 15V, respectively. According to the principles discussed, what is the voltage of the battery powering this circuit?
A series circuit has three resistors with voltage drops of 5V, 10V, and 15V, respectively. According to the principles discussed, what is the voltage of the battery powering this circuit?
Kirchhoff's Current Law is most directly applicable to which aspect of an electrical circuit?
Kirchhoff's Current Law is most directly applicable to which aspect of an electrical circuit?
If a 24-volt power supply is connected to two resistors in series, where $R1$ is 8 ohms and $R2$ is 4 ohms, what is the voltage drop across $R1$?
If a 24-volt power supply is connected to two resistors in series, where $R1$ is 8 ohms and $R2$ is 4 ohms, what is the voltage drop across $R1$?
Flashcards
Ohm's Law
Ohm's Law
Voltage equals current times resistance (V = I * R).
Calculating Current
Calculating Current
Current is voltage divided by resistance (I = V/R).
Resistors in Series: Total Resistance
Resistors in Series: Total Resistance
Add individual resistances: R_total = R1 + R2 + R3...
Series Circuit: Current
Series Circuit: Current
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Voltage Drop Across a Resistor
Voltage Drop Across a Resistor
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Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
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Parallel Circuit: Voltage
Parallel Circuit: Voltage
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Total Current in Parallel Circuits
Total Current in Parallel Circuits
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Study Notes
Ohm's Law
- Describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
- Represented by the equation: V = I * R
- V = voltage (measured in volts)
- I = current (measured in amps)
- R = resistance (measured in ohms)
- Voltage and current are directly proportional when resistance is constant.
- Resistance and current are inversely proportional when voltage is constant.
Calculating Current
- If a 12-volt battery connects to a 4-ohm resistor, the current is 3 amps.
- Formula: I = V/R = 12V / 4 ohms = 3 amps.
- Conventional current flows from the positive to the negative terminal, opposite to electron flow.
Resistors in Series
- Total resistance (R_total) in a series circuit is found by adding the individual resistances: R_total = R1 + R2 + R3.
- The current flowing in a series circuit: I = V / R_total
- The current is the same through each resistor in a series circuit.
- Calculate the voltage drop across each resistor using Ohm's law: V = I * R (where I is constant).
- The sum of the voltage drops across each resistor in a series equals the voltage of the battery: V_battery = V1 + V2 + V3
- Example: A 60-volt battery is wired to three resistors (3 ohms, 4 ohms, and 5 ohms) in series.
- Total resistance: 3 + 4 + 5 = 12 ohms.
- Current: 60V / 12 ohms = 5 amps.
- Voltage drops: V1 = 5A * 3 ohms = 15V, V2 = 5A * 4 ohms = 20V, V3 = 5A * 5 ohms = 25V.
- 15V + 20V + 25V = 60 Volts
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
- The algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed circuit loop equals zero.
- Batteries increase the energy of the circuit, while resistors consume energy.
Resistors in Parallel
- The voltage across each resistor in a parallel circuit is the same.
- Current varies through each resistor in a parallel circuit, depending on resistance.
- Calculate the current through each resistor using Ohm's law: I = V / R (where V is constant).
- If resistance increases, current decreases and vice versa, voltage being constant.
- Example: Three resistors (3 ohms, 4 ohms, and 6 ohms) are connected in parallel across a 12-volt battery.
- Current 1: 12V / 3 ohms = 4 amps.
- Current 2: 12V / 4 ohms = 3 amps.
- Current 3: 12V / 6 ohms = 2 amps.
Total Current in Parallel Circuits
- The total current leaving the battery equals the sum of the currents through each parallel resistor.
- In the example, the total current is 4 + 3 + 2 = 9 amps.
Kirchhoff's Current Law
- The current entering a junction equals the current leaving the junction.
- Used to determine current flow in different branches of a parallel circuit.
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