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Questions and Answers
A wire with a resistance of 10 Ω is connected to a 12 V battery. What is the current flowing through the wire?
A wire with a resistance of 10 Ω is connected to a 12 V battery. What is the current flowing through the wire?
A cylindrical wire has a cross-sectional area of 2 mm² and a length of 5 cm. If the wire is made of a material with a resistivity of 1.72 × 10⁻⁸ Ωm, what is its resistance?
A cylindrical wire has a cross-sectional area of 2 mm² and a length of 5 cm. If the wire is made of a material with a resistivity of 1.72 × 10⁻⁸ Ωm, what is its resistance?
Two resistors, R₁ = 5 Ω and R₂ = 10 Ω, are connected in parallel. What is the equivalent resistance of this combination?
Two resistors, R₁ = 5 Ω and R₂ = 10 Ω, are connected in parallel. What is the equivalent resistance of this combination?
Which of the following statements about Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) is true?
Which of the following statements about Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) is true?
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Two resistors, R₁ = 4 Ω and R₂ = 8 Ω, are connected in series to a 12 V battery. What is the current flowing through the circuit?
Two resistors, R₁ = 4 Ω and R₂ = 8 Ω, are connected in series to a 12 V battery. What is the current flowing through the circuit?
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In a circuit with two parallel branches, one with a resistance of 2 Ω and the other with a resistance of 4 Ω, if the total current entering the parallel combination is 6 A, what is the current flowing through the 2 Ω branch?
In a circuit with two parallel branches, one with a resistance of 2 Ω and the other with a resistance of 4 Ω, if the total current entering the parallel combination is 6 A, what is the current flowing through the 2 Ω branch?
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Study Notes
Ohm's Law
- Relates voltage, current, and resistance in a conductor
- Mathematically represented as: V = I × R
- V: voltage (in volts, V)
- I: current (in amperes, A)
- R: resistance (in ohms, Ω)
- States that current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor
Resistivity
- Measure of how much a material opposes the flow of electric current
- Represented by the symbol ρ (rho)
- Unit of measurement is ohm-meters (Ωm)
- Depends on the material, temperature, and other factors
- Formula: R = ρ × L / A
- R: resistance of the material
- L: length of the material
- A: cross-sectional area of the material
Kirchhoff's Laws
- Two laws that describe the behavior of electric circuits
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
- States that the sum of all currents entering a node in a circuit is equal to the sum of all currents leaving the node
- Mathematically represented as: ΣI_in = ΣI_out
- I_in: currents entering the node
- I_out: currents leaving the node
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
- States that the sum of all voltage changes around any closed loop in a circuit is zero
- Mathematically represented as: ΣV = 0
- V: voltage changes around the loop
Electric Circuits
- Path through which electric current flows
- Composed of components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and sources
- Classified into two main types:
- Series circuits: components connected one after the other
- Parallel circuits: components connected between the same two points
- Circuit analysis involves applying Kirchhoff's Laws to determine currents and voltages at various points in the circuit
Current Division
- Method of determining the current through each branch of a parallel circuit
- Formula: I_branch = I_total × (R_total / R_branch)
- I_branch: current through a specific branch
- I_total: total current entering the circuit
- R_total: total resistance of the circuit
- R_branch: resistance of the specific branch
Ohm's Law
- Relates voltage, current, and resistance in a conductor, mathematically represented as V = I × R
- Voltage (V) is measured in volts, current (I) in amperes, and resistance (R) in ohms
- Current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor
Resistivity
- Measures how much a material opposes the flow of electric current, represented by the symbol ρ (rho)
- Unit of measurement is ohm-meters (Ωm), dependent on the material, temperature, and other factors
- Formula to calculate resistance: R = ρ × L / A, where R is resistance, L is length, and A is cross-sectional area
Kirchhoff's Laws
- Describe the behavior of electric circuits, consisting of two laws: Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
- States that the sum of all currents entering a node in a circuit is equal to the sum of all currents leaving the node
- Mathematically represented as: ΣI_in = ΣI_out
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
- States that the sum of all voltage changes around any closed loop in a circuit is zero
- Mathematically represented as: ΣV = 0
Electric Circuits
- Defined as a path through which electric current flows
- Composed of components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and sources
- Classified into two main types: series circuits and parallel circuits
- Series circuits have components connected one after the other, while parallel circuits have components connected between the same two points
Current Division
- Method of determining the current through each branch of a parallel circuit
- Formula: I_branch = I_total × (R_total / R_branch), where I_branch is the current through a specific branch, I_total is the total current entering the circuit, R_total is the total resistance of the circuit, and R_branch is the resistance of the specific branch
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Description
Test your knowledge of Ohm's Law and Resistivity, including voltage, current, resistance, and how materials oppose electric current flow.
