Offline Cognitive Load Measures and Annotations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does external validity refer to in the context of experiments?

  • Number of independent variables
  • Applicability of results to other situations and populations (correct)
  • Consistency of measurements
  • Specific outcomes of an experiment
  • Which theory describes sentence parsing as a step-by-step, bottom-up process?

  • Memory-base accounts
  • Activation-based model
  • Dependency locality theory
  • Garden path theory (correct)
  • What do cue-based retrieval theories of sentence processing focus on?

  • Analyzing syntactic ambiguities in sentences
  • Direct-access mode of sentence processing
  • Storing different parts of a sentence in memory with cues for retrieval (correct)
  • Activating linguistic models in the brain
  • Which aspect of sentence processing involves using cues like noun's gender and thematic role for retrieval?

    <p>Cue-based retrieval theories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do readers sometimes need extra cognitive resources and time according to Garden path theory?

    <p>Due to ambiguities in sentence parsing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern of the Dependency Locality Theory (DLT) in sentence processing?

    <p>Dependency relations between elements in a sentence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do offline measures refer to in the context provided?

    <p>Measures that are produced by humans upon request</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the advantages of using offline measures like annotations?

    <p>They enable crowd-sourcing experiments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is NOT mentioned as a challenge in human annotation related to offline signals?

    <p>Overwhelming number of annotations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can response time be useful in the context of cognitive load approximation?

    <p>Shorter response time indicates higher uncertainty or difficulty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does inter-annotator agreement involve in the context of offline signals?

    <p>It quantifies the inconsistencies between human annotators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the maze task described, what presentation method is used for incremental sentence processing?

    <p>Word-by-word presentation with forced choice at each position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique is used to measure eye movements during natural reading?

    <p>Mouse Tracking for Reading (MoTR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a metric used to understand how people read?

    <p>Broca Area activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Noisy-Channel model describe?

    <p>Communication as a process where messages can be altered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique measures neural electrophysiological brain activity?

    <p>Magnetoencephalography (MEG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of reading does the Go-past duration metric measure?

    <p>The time spent revisiting words to integrate meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the late closure principle suggest about language processing?

    <p>New material is incorporated into the phrase currently being processed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do people often show a preference for lower attachment sites in language processing?

    <p>It follows the grammar constraints of the language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the late closure principle affect sentence parsing?

    <p>New items are attached to the immediately preceding phrase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept refers to the preference of incorporating new material into the phrase currently being processed?

    <p>Late closure principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In language processing, why might new material be syntactically ambiguous?

    <p>It can be incorporated into multiple locations in a sentence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the late closure principle affect the building of syntactic representations in language processing?

    <p>It favors attaching new material into currently processed phrases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process can influence the retrieval of information in the brain?

    <p>Cue similarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the activation-based model of sentence processing, how are dependencies of non-adjacent elements created?

    <p>Via a content-addressable cue-based retrieval mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect is being considered when checking if a computational model fits well to existing data?

    <p>Estimated parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when implementing a theory or model as a computational model?

    <p>Using the appropriate computational model framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial for determining how the noun fits into the larger sentence structure?

    <p>Recency of information in memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

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