Chapter 8

Oestradiol                       .

Which of the following is not a secondary sex characteristic?

In regard to the onset/timing of puberty, who of the following is more at risk for substance use and delinquency?

Tran is an 8-year-old girl who lives in a Western country in an urban area. If one were to compare the timing of puberty for Tran to the timing of puberty for her ancestral female lineage, one would expect that Tran will experience puberty                        others did in her family’s history.

In many traditional cultures, young men are required to demonstrate courage, strength and endurance in their coming-of-age rituals because                       .

What is menarche?

What does the term 'spermarche' refer to?

Which of the following statements about eating disorders is most accurate?

Vanessa sometimes worries about getting fat even though her weight is in the healthy range. Most of the time she has normal eating habits, but sometimes she goes on a diet, counts her kilojoules and avoids carbs. Occasionally she will fast or skip her meals. Vanessa is exhibiting symptoms of                       .

In the past 10–15 years, what describes young people’s rates of cigarette smoking?

Which of the following adolescents is LEAST likely to be a heavy drinker?

Imogen enjoys spending time with her friends on the weekend. When the group goes to parties, they will smoke pot and drink excessively. Imogen’s pattern of substance use is known as                       .

You recently were watching your nephew, who is 13 years old, try to figure out why his bike’s gears won’t work. You were fascinated by the systematic problem-solving strategies that he used. You remember that just a few months ago he would not have been able to perform at this level of hypothesis testing; instead, he would have most likely tried random solutions haphazardly. According to Piaget, what type of reasoning is he using?

Which of the following statements is the most accurate based on research on formal operational thinking?

What is the capacity of long-term memory?

Jace thinks he is a really good driver. He often speeds on long stretches of highway and doesn’t usually slow down on the curves in the road despite what the signs say. He brags to his friends in the car that he can drive fast because he knows what he is doing. He goes on to say that only bad drivers have accidents. His way of thinking demonstrates                       .

Sarah loves to watch her grandmother crochet. Sarah’s grandma buys her a crochet hook and helps her complete her own basic crochet patterns. Grandma helps Sarah when she makes mistakes and Sarah moves onto more complex patterns. Sarah continues to consult with her grandmother but starts crocheting on her own. This is an example of                       .

Students from                        usually have three types of secondary schools.

Compared to their peers in some countries, adolescents in Asian countries                       .

In maths and science, students from                        consistently score at the top.

Which of the following is not an advantage of a school-based apprenticeship?

Which of the following is TRUE about work during adolescence?

Dr Rose often uses the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) in her research. Which of the following is most likely to be the topic of her work?

Larson and Richards (1994) compared preadolescents to adolescents and found that the percentage of time experienced as ‘very happy’                       .

When comparing the emotions experienced by American adolescents with those experienced by their parents, researchers found that the adolescents reported feeling                        more often.

Jane is a new mum who often posts on Facebook about motherhood. She usually posts positive images of her interacting with her baby which contain lots of smiles. She never posts about the sleepless nights or the days when the baby constantly cries. Her friends often comment that she has the perfect baby and things seem to be going really well. Which of the following best describes the self that Jane presents on Facebook?

Research has shown that during adolescence,                        is most strongly related to global self-esteem.

Charlotte is a typical girl in New Zealand. Based on the research, one would expect her self-esteem to be lowest in                       .

Kohlberg’s proposition of a universal theory of moral development has been challenged by Shweder and his student, Jensen, who believe that it is impossible to understand moral development unless you understand an individual’s                       .

Research on Kohlberg’s stages of moral development                       .

Religious faith and practices                       .

Kate grew up in a religious environment, with her parents regularly attending services at her local Catholic church and she herself attending a Catholic school. While Kate believes God exists, she does not take part in any regular spiritual disciplines and while she has not attended church for years, Kate still identifies as Catholic. Kate is most likely to be which spiritual type?

In ESM studies, adolescents and their parents spent on average                        hour(s) together each day in shared activities, and the most common activity was                       .

Conflict in adolescence                       .

Sanjay is part of a small group of friends, also known as a                       , who eat lunch together at school every day and socialise with each other on the weekends.

Menna is an adolescent from a Western culture. When asked about the most important feature of her friendships, she is most likely to mention                       .

Bronte, 16, is in a sexual relationship with her boyfriend, Jake. Bronte and Jake will often wag school and have sex at Bronte’s home while her parents are at work. While her parents suspect that Bronte and Jake may be having sex, they are not sure and tend to ignore the situation. Bronte and her family are most likely living in a(n)                        culture.

Research on adolescents’ media use has found that                       .

Theo is an adolescent boy who has been in trouble for a number of delinquent acts such as underage drinking, vandalism and trespassing. Researchers who take a biological approach would explain this behaviour as being caused by an immature                       .

During high school, Joe was a popular kid who got into trouble when hanging around a group of older friends. One time he even climbed through the window of a bottle shop to steal beer when they had run out at a party. Eventually, Joe got a steady job, got married and had children. He mentioned at his reunion that he regretted the poor choices he had made. According to Moffitt, Joe would be considered a(n)                       .

Fifteen-year-old Sadreana has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Her treatment is most likely to include                       .

Which of the following statements about depression is TRUE?

Which of the following is one of the most important protective factors identified in resilience research, enabling adolescents to overcome the risk factors in their lives?

The most important oestrogen is oestradiol and the most important androgen is                       .

Which of the following best describes pubertal timing?

Puberty rituals                       .

For the past 6 months Paige has tried to reduce her weight by not eating any food. She is obsessive about counting kilojoules in any food she does eat and she exercises for at least 1 hour every day. Paige is most likely to have                       .

The substance use of an adolescent who drinks alcohol to relieve feelings of sadness and loneliness would be classified as                       .

Compared to the concrete thinking abilities displayed in childhood, the ability to reason in adolescence                       .

Which of the following best represents the research on formal operational thinking across cultures?

­Compared to his 7-year-old brother, a 14-year-old will have an easier time reading a book and listening to music at the same time because he is more adept at                       .

Compared to his brother at university, Jonah is more likely to think that if he starts smoking marijuana, he will be able to quit when he wants to and nothing bad will happen. This way of thinking demonstrates                       .

After learning to knit a simple scarf with her grandmother’s guidance, Alexis began to knit a jumper while on break from university. She went over to her grandmother’s once when she had a question. By the time Alexis had to go back to university, she had nearly finished the jumper. She finished it a few weeks later while she was back at university, needing only one Skype session to help her. After Alexis finished the jumper, her grandmother mailed her a pattern so she can knit a book bag. This illustrates                       .

Compared to schools in the West, those in Asian countries                       .

Adolescents in developed countries who work part time                       .

A developmental psychologist would most likely use the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) to                       .

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit their false selves with                       .

In traditional cultures, girls reach womanhood mainly through                       .

Research on Kohlberg’s stages of moral development has shown that                       .

Evelyn attends her local church each week and regularly prays and reads religious texts. Her religious faith is important to her and shapes how she lives her life. She is most likely to have what type of religious worldview?

In Western countries, conflict with parents                       .

Who comprises the source of adolescents’ happiest experiences?

On the basis of anthropological evidence, New Zealand would be considered a(n)                        culture in terms of its cultural beliefs about the acceptability (or not) of premarital sex.

Research on the media use of adolescents                       .

Which of the following best describes the relationships between age and crime?

Which of the following statements about depression is most accurate?