Oculogyric Centers and Binocular Movements
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary action of the Superior Rectus muscle?

  • depression
  • adduction
  • elevation (correct)
  • intortion
  • What is the tertiary action of the Inferior Rectus muscle?

  • intortion
  • elevation
  • adduction (correct)
  • depression
  • In which direction do the Superior and Inferior Rectus muscles lie in the primary position?

  • Parallel to the visual axis
  • Perpendicular to the visual axis
  • At a 23-degree angle relative to the visual axis (correct)
  • At a 51-degree angle relative to the visual axis
  • What is the primary action of the Superior Oblique muscle?

    <p>intortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are responsible for elevation and depression when the eye is in adduction?

    <p>SO and IO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the secondary action of the Oblique muscles?

    <p>vertical movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the Superior Rectus muscle when the eye is fully abducted?

    <p>It becomes a pure elevator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tertiary action of the Superior Oblique muscle?

    <p>abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during binocular movements, like head tilt to the right?

    <p>Equal and simultaneous innervation to the yoke muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the law that states that increased contraction of an agonist muscle is associated with diminished contractile activity of its antagonist muscle?

    <p>Sherrington's Law of Reciprocal Innervation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the nerve that innervates the superior oblique muscle?

    <p>Trochlear nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for adduction and is the largest and strongest of the oculomotor muscles?

    <p>Medial rectus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During convergence, which muscles experience increased activity?

    <p>RMR and LMR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vascular supply of the medial and inferior rectus muscles?

    <p>Inferior muscular artery branch of the ophthalmic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of head tilt to the right on the muscle groups?

    <p>Muscle group for incyclotorsion of the OD and excyclotorsion of the OS contract, while the muscle group for excyclotorsion of the OD and incyclotorsion of the OS relax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed range for following objects during the recording of SAFE or FESA?

    <p>up to 400 degrees/sec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the eye is fully adducted, which muscle is responsible for elevating the eye?

    <p>Inferior oblique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle of the plane in which the SO and IO lie relative to the primary gaze?

    <p>51 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Saccades Test?

    <p>To test for voluntary saccadic movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Broad H Test?

    <p>To assess the patient's ability to perform conjugate eye movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance between the two targets in the Saccades Test?

    <p>20 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the circles moved during the Pursuits Test?

    <p>Two clockwise and two counterclockwise circles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of eye movement is mediated by the parieto-occipital junction (area 19)?

    <p>Pursuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the field in which a certain muscle has the greatest action?

    <p>Field of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of Isolated 3rd Cranial Nerve Palsy?

    <p>Diplopia with both eyes open, disappears closing one eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sign of Isolated 3rd Cranial Nerve Palsy?

    <p>Binocular horizontal diplopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for depressing the eye when it is fully adducted?

    <p>Superior oblique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible outcome if the target is taken to the extreme limits during the SAFE or FESA test?

    <p>Endpoint nystagmus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability of the eyes to move together in the same direction?

    <p>Conjugate movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for fast eye movements?

    <p>Saccades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with an aneurysm affecting the Posterior Communicating Artery?

    <p>Pain in the arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic head tilt in a patient with a 4th Cranial Nerve Palsy?

    <p>Towards the contralateral shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for a patient with a 4th Cranial Nerve Palsy to experience diplopia?

    <p>Binocular vertical diplopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following causes of 4th Cranial Nerve Palsy has a long course through the cranial vault?

    <p>Tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic change in hypertropia in a patient with a 4th Cranial Nerve Palsy?

    <p>Increases when looking towards the direction of the uninvolved eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for immediate medical evaluation in a patient with an aneurysm affecting the Posterior Communicating Artery?

    <p>Localized headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common vasculopathic cause of 4th Cranial Nerve Palsy?

    <p>Diabetes Mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

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