Neuro-Ophthalmology Course Lecture

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Questions and Answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for transmitting visual information to the brain?

  • Lens
  • Cornea
  • Retina
  • Optic nerve (correct)

Which condition is characterized by a lesion occurring before the optic chiasm?

  • Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)
  • Staspapill
  • Anisocoria
  • Optic neuritis (correct)

What is the term for the paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles?

  • Chiasmal lesion
  • Pares III, IV, VI (correct)
  • Optic infarction
  • Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)

Which condition is associated with increased intracranial pressure and may lead to optic disc swelling?

<p>Staspapill (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the unequal size of the pupils?

<p>Anisocoria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the visual pathway is affected by a retrochiasmal lesion?

<p>Tractus opticus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the triad of symptoms associated with optic nerve lesions?

<p>Monocular visual loss, color vision impairment, diplopia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Nedsatt färgseende" refers to a symptom associated with which part of the visual system?

<p>Retina (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of optic nerve compression?

<p>Meningioma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a sick-sack pattern that expands, flimmer scotoma, and sometimes occurs without headache?

<p>Migraine with aura (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is most commonly affected by temporal arteritis?

<p>&gt;50 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical symptom of Amaurosis fugax?

<p>Transient monocular vision impairment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In optic neuritis, what percentage of patients experience pain during eye movement?

<p>90% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to bilateral sudden blindness if not promptly treated with steroids?

<p>Temporal arteritis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of elevated intracranial pressure leading to optic nerve compression?

<p>Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic imaging modality for determining the cause of optic nerve compression?

<p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the visual symptoms of optic infarction?

<p>Visual loss suddenly or rapidly progressive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a lesion occurring after the optic chiasm?

<p>Retrochiasmal lesion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic imaging modality for determining the cause of optic nerve compression?

<p>MRI (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the visual symptoms of optic infarction?

<p>Hemianopia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the unequal size of the pupils?

<p>Anisocoria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the visual pathway is affected by a prechiasmal lesion?

<p>Optic nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the triad of symptoms associated with optic nerve lesions?

<p>Monocular visual impairment, reduced color vision, relative afferent pupillary defect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Nedsatt färgseende" refers to a symptom associated with which part of the visual system?

<p>Optic nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to bilateral sudden blindness if not promptly treated with steroids?

<p>Optic neuritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Pares III, IV, VI" refers to paralysis of which structures?

<p>Extraocular muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is most commonly affected by temporal arteritis?

<p>Elderly individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a sick-sack pattern that expands, flimmer scotoma, and sometimes occurs without headache?

<p>Migraine with aura (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In optic neuritis, what percentage of patients experience pain during eye movement?

<p>90% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of elevated intracranial pressure leading to optic nerve compression?

<p>Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the visual pathway is affected by a retrochiasmal lesion?

<p>Optic radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the visual symptoms of optic infarction?

<p>Homonymous visual field defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the unequal size of the pupils?

<p>Anisocoria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with increased intracranial pressure and may lead to optic disc swelling?

<p>Papilledema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of elevated intracranial pressure leading to optic nerve compression?

<p>Retinoblastoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic mutation is associated with metastatic risk for choroidal melanoma?

<p>BAP1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment option involves local radiation therapy for uveal melanoma?

<p>Transpupillary thermotherapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which location are 90% of uveal melanomas found?

<p>Choroid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic imaging modality for determining the cause of optic nerve compression?

<p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor type presents with leukocoria and typically affects young children?

<p>Retinoblastoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common treatment for Retinoblastoma?

<p>Laser therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the global occurrence rate of Retinoblastoma?

<p>6% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can potentially lead to bilateral sudden blindness if not promptly treated with steroids?

<p>Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for metastases from small cell lung cancer?

<p>External radiotherapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common primary tumor leading to choroidal metastases?

<p>Lung cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment may be considered for BDUMP if the primary tumor is excised?

<p>Plasmapheresis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential symptom of choroidal hemangioma?

<p>Retinal detachment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a sick-sack pattern, flimmer scotoma, and sometimes occurs without headache?

<p>Uveal melanocytic proliferation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of primary acquired melanosis (PAM)?

<p>It can progress to invasive conjunctival melanoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical progression of complexion associated melanosis (CAM)?

<p>It is always benign and requires no treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of conjunctival nevi in children?

<p>They commonly present with feeder vessels suggesting malignancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mutation pattern of conjunctival melanoma similar to?

<p>Kutana melanoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate annual incidence of conjunctival melanoma in Sweden?

<p>5-6 cases per year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does conjunctival melanoma commonly spread to?

<p>Regional lymph nodes, lungs, brain, and liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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