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Octet Rule and Covalent Bonding

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Questions and Answers

What does the octet rule state?

Atoms ideally exist in a state of instability.

Atoms need to have eight electrons in their outermost shell for stability. (correct)

Atoms should give up their electrons to achieve stability.

Atoms should have eight electrons in their innermost shell.

What is the main difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

In covalent bonds, atoms give up electrons to each other, while in ionic bonds they keep their electrons.

Covalent bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons, while ionic bonds share electrons.

Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons, whereas ionic bonds involve one atom giving up its electrons to another. (correct)

In ionic bonds, atoms share electrons equally, while in covalent bonds they transfer electrons.

Why is the octet rule important in predicting chemical bonds?

It allows chemists to predict the possible bonds formed by main group elements based on the number of valence electrons. (correct)

It helps in determining the atomic mass of a substance.

It helps determine the number of protons in an atom.

It indicates the number of neutrons an atom has.

What do noble gases have in common?

They all have full valence shells with eight electrons. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why do larger elements farther down on the periodic table have inner layers of electrons not affected by covalent bonds?

These inner electrons are shielded by the outer electrons and are not involved in bonding. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the tendency of atoms to attract electrons?

Electronegativity (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which element is identified as the most electronegative in the periodic table?

Fluorine (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a covalent bond, how many sets of electrons are shared in a triple bond?

Three sets (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why do noble gases not typically form chemical bonds?

Due to having a full valence shell (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a Lewis dot structure?

To show how atoms share electrons and form bonds (C) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the number of electrons in an element's Lewis dot structure?

The row the element is found in the periodic table (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why do some atoms not follow the octet rule when bonding to form compounds?

They belong to columns one or two in the periodic table (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a Lewis dot structure, what do lone pairs represent?

Unpaired valence electrons around an atom (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why does carbon monoxide form a triple bond between carbon and oxygen?

To satisfy the octet rule for both carbon and oxygen (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why does carbon dioxide exhibit two sets of double bonds in its Lewis structure?

To satisfy the octet rule for all atoms present (D) Signup and view all the answers