OCT Scans and Vitreous Detachments

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Which imaging technique is used to differentiate between venules and arterial capillaries?

Ultrasound

OCT scan

MRI scan

Fluorescein angiography (correct)

Which of the following can OCT scans assist in determining about a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD)?

Presence of PVD

Completeness of PVD

Both presence and completeness of PVD (correct)

None of the above

What causes vitreomacular traction (VMT)?

PVD

Vitreous syneresis (correct)

Retinal thickening

Cystoid macular edema

What can develop within the macula due to vitreomacular traction?

Intraretinal cysts (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of traction from the posterior face of the vitreous in VMT?

Both retinal distortion and cystoid macular edema (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is highlighted in green in the image?

Ganglion Cell Layer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is highlighted in red in the image?

Inner Plexiform Layer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is composed of two distinct major bands?

Outer Plexiform Layer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina forms part of the RPE cells' basement membrane?

External Limiting Membrane (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is thicker within the fovea due to a greater number of photoreceptor nuclei?

Outer Segments of the Photoreceptors (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which retinal structure remains between the lamellar macular hole and the RPE?

RNFL (A) Signup and view all the answers

What causes severe retinal thickening in VMT through the fovea?

Traction from the vitreous (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and the RNFL?

Brightness on OCT (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the green line in the fundus photograph used for?

Locating the OCT scan (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where does the ERM likely extend beyond in the superior macula?

Section identified by the green line (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'highly reflective white band' in the OCT image?

Nerve Fiber Layer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the layer that is labeled as a 'thin dark gray band' in the OCT image?

Inner Nuclear Layer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'broad white band' in the OCT image?

RPE (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the layer that is labeled as a 'dark irregular region' in the OCT image?

Choriocapillaris (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'bright white band' in the OCT image?

Inner / Outer Segment Junction (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'thin dark gray band' in the OCT image?

Inner nuclear layer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL)?

Brightness (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which retinal structure remains between the lamellar macular hole and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)?

Photoreceptor layer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where does the epiretinal membrane (ERM) likely extend beyond in the superior macula?

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What causes severe retinal thickening in vitreomacular traction (VMT) through the fovea?

Macular edema (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which layers of the retina are primarily affected by the intraretinal cysts in wet macular degeneration?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of the subretinal fluid seen in wet macular degeneration?

Choroidal neovascularization (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between intraretinal cysts and outer retinal holes on OCT images?

Associated thickening of the retina (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of outer retinal holes in the patient with solar retinopathy?

Damage from sun gazing (B) Signup and view all the answers

What do white intraretinal dots and larger aggregates represent in diabetic retinopathy?

Lipid or hard exudates (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'shaded green' in the OCT image?

Outer nuclear layer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between a lamellar macular hole and a full-thickness macular hole?

The lamellar macular hole is characterized by a discontinuity of the inner nuclear layer, while the full-thickness macular hole is not. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenic mechanism believed to be involved in the development of macular holes?

Vitreomacular traction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the layer that is labeled as a 'shaded orange' in the OCT image?

Inner nuclear layer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between cystoid macular edema (CME) and subretinal fluid accumulation?

CME is associated with intraretinal cysts, while subretinal fluid accumulation is not. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is located above the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)?

Photoreceptor layer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe drusen that are located below the RPE?

Drusenoid pigment epithelial detachments (drusenoid PEDs) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of soft drusen?

Poorly defined or indiscrete margins (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe larger soft drusen where the RPE is visibly detached?

Drusenoid pigment epithelial detachments (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between dry macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration?

Loss of RPE and photoreceptors (C) Signup and view all the answers

In wet AMD, where is the choroidal neovascularization located in relation to the RPE?

Underneath the RPE (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is commonly affected in dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?

Photoreceptor inner and outer segments (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the areas of discontinuity in the shaded red line in the OCT image of dry macular degeneration?

Partial loss of photoreceptors (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the retina is the basement membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) a part of?

Bruch's membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are shaded purple in the upper OCT image of the patient?

PED (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of the subretinal fluid seen in wet macular degeneration?

Choroidal neovascularization (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between a lamellar macular hole and a full-thickness macular hole?

Loss of junction between inner and outer segments of photoreceptors (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature between the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL)?

Disruption of the inner limiting membrane (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenic mechanism believed to be involved in the development of macular holes?

Vitreomacular traction (C) Signup and view all the answers

OCT Scans and Vitreous Detachments

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Questions and Answers

Which imaging technique is used to differentiate between venules and arterial capillaries?

Which of the following can OCT scans assist in determining about a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD)?

What causes vitreomacular traction (VMT)?

What can develop within the macula due to vitreomacular traction?

What is the result of traction from the posterior face of the vitreous in VMT?

Which layer of the retina is highlighted in green in the image?

Which layer of the retina is highlighted in red in the image?

Which layer of the retina is composed of two distinct major bands?

Which layer of the retina forms part of the RPE cells' basement membrane?

Which layer of the retina is thicker within the fovea due to a greater number of photoreceptor nuclei?

Which retinal structure remains between the lamellar macular hole and the RPE?

What causes severe retinal thickening in VMT through the fovea?

What is the distinguishing feature between the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and the RNFL?

What is the green line in the fundus photograph used for?

Where does the ERM likely extend beyond in the superior macula?

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'highly reflective white band' in the OCT image?

What is the name of the layer that is labeled as a 'thin dark gray band' in the OCT image?

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'broad white band' in the OCT image?

What is the name of the layer that is labeled as a 'dark irregular region' in the OCT image?

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'bright white band' in the OCT image?

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'thin dark gray band' in the OCT image?

What is the distinguishing feature between the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL)?

Which retinal structure remains between the lamellar macular hole and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)?

Where does the epiretinal membrane (ERM) likely extend beyond in the superior macula?

What causes severe retinal thickening in vitreomacular traction (VMT) through the fovea?

Which layers of the retina are primarily affected by the intraretinal cysts in wet macular degeneration?

What is the cause of the subretinal fluid seen in wet macular degeneration?

What is the distinguishing feature between intraretinal cysts and outer retinal holes on OCT images?

What is the cause of outer retinal holes in the patient with solar retinopathy?

What do white intraretinal dots and larger aggregates represent in diabetic retinopathy?

Which layer of the retina is labeled as a 'shaded green' in the OCT image?

What is the distinguishing feature between a lamellar macular hole and a full-thickness macular hole?

What is the pathogenic mechanism believed to be involved in the development of macular holes?

What is the name of the layer that is labeled as a 'shaded orange' in the OCT image?

What is the distinguishing feature between cystoid macular edema (CME) and subretinal fluid accumulation?

Which layer of the retina is located above the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)?

What is the term used to describe drusen that are located below the RPE?

What is the distinguishing feature of soft drusen?

Which term is used to describe larger soft drusen where the RPE is visibly detached?

What is the distinguishing feature between dry macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration?

In wet AMD, where is the choroidal neovascularization located in relation to the RPE?

Which layer of the retina is commonly affected in dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?

Which term describes the areas of discontinuity in the shaded red line in the OCT image of dry macular degeneration?

Which layer of the retina is the basement membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) a part of?

Which structures are shaded purple in the upper OCT image of the patient?

What is the cause of the subretinal fluid seen in wet macular degeneration?

What is the distinguishing feature between a lamellar macular hole and a full-thickness macular hole?

What is the distinguishing feature between the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL)?

What is the pathogenic mechanism believed to be involved in the development of macular holes?

What is the name of the layer that is labeled as a 'dark irregular region' in the OCT image?

Which retinal pathology is NOT present in the patient?

What is the cause of the subretinal fluid seen in the patient?

What is the distinguishing feature between the drusenoid PEDs and the drusen?

What retinal pathology is visible on both the fundus image and the OCT image?

What is the cause of the visibly thinned photoreceptor outer nuclear layer?

What is the distinguishing feature between the OCT images of the macular hole?

What retinal pathology is NOT present in the patient?

What is the cause of the visible debris below the level of the RPE?

What is the distinguishing feature between the OCT images of the patient?

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