18 Questions
Which type of rocks are silica-saturated with high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios and low HFS concentrations?
Adakites
What distinctive group of rocks dominate over andesites in backarc basins?
Backarc basin basalts
Which type of volcanic rocks contain phenocrysts of orthopyroxene, high magnesium groundmass, and notably lack plagioclase phenocrysts?
Boninites
In the context of island arcs, what do young island arc systems low in intermediate volcanic rocks contain?
Potassium arc tholeiite basalts
What do Adakites have in terms of their rare chemical composition?
Enriched LREE relative to HREE
What is characteristic of backarc basin basalts (BAB) in comparison to MORB?
Greater enrichment of H2O and alkali elements
What type of magma is typically erupted by mantle hotspots beneath oceanic intraplate magmatism?
Tholeiitic and alkalic basaltic lava
How are seamounts defined geologically?
Volcanically produced peaks below sea level
What distinguishes Ocean island basalts (OIB) from Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts (MORB)?
OIB are more alkalic compared to MORB
What is a possible explanation for the distinct chemistry of Ocean island basalts (OIB)?
Entrainment of subducted sedimentary rocks in the source region
Which type of landform constitutes the highest mountains on Earth, with a relief of approximately 10 km high?
Hawaiian Islands
What is the distinguishing characteristic of Oceanic plateaus compared to other oceanic landforms?
They cover large areas of the ocean floor, ranging up to 10 million km^2
What type of basalts dominate the exposed volcanic rocks of the Hawaiian Islands?
Olivine tholeiites
Which oceanic plateau, located near the Solomon Islands, is considered the largest on Earth?
Ontong – Java Plateau
What type of volcanism is responsible for producing continental flood basalts?
Continental intraplate magmatism
Which type of volcanic deposits are associated with the Ontong – Java Plateau?
Pillow basalts
What is the approximate distance covered by the chain of seamounts and islands generated by the Hawaiian hotspot?
5600 km
Which type of rocks are examples of huge outpourings of continental flood basalts?
Deccan traps of India, Karroo basalts of Africa, Siberian flood basalts of Russia
Test your knowledge about oceanic intraplate magmatism, including the formation of ocean islands, seamounts, and oceanic plateaus. Learn about the characteristics and processes associated with the eruption of basaltic lava on the ocean floor.
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