Oceanic Trenches Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the hydrosphere?

  • The area covered by water on the earth's surface (correct)
  • The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere
  • The layer of the atmosphere where water is present
  • The process of water exchange between the atmosphere and the oceans

    • What percentage of the earth's area is covered by water?

  • 70.8% (correct)
  • 29.2%
  • 2.5%
  • 96.5%

    • What is the source of the term 'ocean'?

  • Latin word 'Oceanus' meaning salty water
  • Greek word 'Oceanus' meaning enormous river encircling the earth (correct)
  • Latin word 'Oceanus' meaning enormous river encircling the earth
  • Greek word 'Oceanus' meaning salty river

    • Where is the Pacific Ocean located?

    <p>Between North America and South America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one among these constitutes the hydrosphere?

    <p>Groundwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of fresh water on earth?

    <p>2.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is named after a figure in Greek mythology?

    <p>Atlantic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is the warmest in the world?

    <p>Indian Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is known for its turbulent waters?

    <p>Southern Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean lies entirely within the Arctic Circle?

    <p>Arctic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is the second largest in the world?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average depth of the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>4,280 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean has the Mariana Trench, the deepest oceanic trench in the world?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Sargasso Sea, the only sea in the world without any shore, located?

    <p>Atlantic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest island in the Indian ocean?

    <p>Madagascar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a marginal sea?

    <p>A section of an ocean partially enclosed by an island, a peninsula, or an archipelago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the Sargasso Sea?

    <p>It is the only sea without any shore.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the Arctic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>The Bering Strait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of oceanic trenches?

    <p>Plate tectonics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a submarine canyon?

    <p>Hudson Canyon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a guyot?

    <p>It is a flat-topped seamount submerged under sea water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major source of heat energy for the oceans?

    <p>Insolation from the Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor affects the temperature distribution in oceans due to its unequal distribution of land and water?

    <p>Latitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do warm ocean currents do to affected areas?

    <p>Raise the temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average temperature at approximately 40° latitude in oceans?

    <p>$14℃$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the highest temperature in oceans recorded?

    <p>Slightly towards north of the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the northern hemisphere record higher temperatures than the southern hemisphere oceans?

    <p>Unequal distribution of land and water in northern and southern hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the vertical distribution of temperature in oceans?

    <p>Maximum temperature always at the surface layer of oceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor results in longitudinal variations in ocean water temperature?

    <p>Prevailing wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of heating and cooling processes for sea water?

    <p>Insolation from the Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thickness of the thermocline layer in the ocean?

    <p>500 - 1000 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the total volume of ocean water is carried by the pycnocline layer?

    <p>18%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the salinity of the average Indian Ocean water?

    <p>35 °/₀₀</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which zone of the ocean is the highest salinity observed?

    <p>Between 20° and 30° N and S latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the salinity, temperature, and density of ocean water?

    <p>Melting of ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what depth do the pycnocline, thermocline, and halocline occupy almost the same zones?

    <p>300 - 500 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which water body is the highest salinity recorded?

    <p>Lake Van in Turkey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the bottom layer of ocean water?

    <p>High and uniform density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the surface layer of ocean water?

    <p>Low but uniform density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a distinct zone where salinity increases sharply in the ocean?

    <p>River runoff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest average salinity recorded among the given options?

    <p>330 °/₀₀</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone in the oceans records the minimum salinity?

    <p>Subpolar and polar zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the earth's area is covered by water?

    <p>70.8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major source of heat energy for the oceans?

    <p>Atmospheric heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Sargasso Sea, the only sea in the world without any shore, located?

    <p>Atlantic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a guyot?

    <p>Underwater mountain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average temperature at approximately 40° latitude in oceans?

    <p>15°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the Sargasso Sea?

    <p>Unusual seaweed concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is known for its violent storms?

    <p>Southern Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the Arctic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>Bering Strait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest island in the Indian Ocean?

    <p>Madagascar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the Sargasso Sea?

    <p>It is landlocked and has no shores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean?

    <p>Molloy Deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is named after a figure in Greek mythology?

    <p>Atlantic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the International Date Line pass through?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a guyot?

    <p>It is a submerged volcanic mountain with a flat top</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the southern Atlantic ocean with the southeastern part of the Pacific ocean?

    <p>Drake Passage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean lies entirely within the Arctic Circle?

    <p>Arctic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What covers about 19.8% of water on the earth's surface?

    <p>Indian Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a distinct zone where salinity increases sharply in the ocean?

    <p>Evaporation and precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Challenger Deep located?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor responsible for the formation of mid-oceanic ridges?

    <p>Magma flow through fissures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean contains the Emperor Seamount, an extension of the Hawaiian Islands?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes submarine canyons?

    <p>Valleys formed by river erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a guyot?

    <p>A submerged flat-topped seamount</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor affects the temperature distribution in oceans due to unequal distribution of land and water?

    <p>Latitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current raises the temperature of the eastern part of North America and the west coast of Europe?

    <p>Gulf stream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for longitudinal variations in ocean water temperature?

    <p>Prevailing wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which ocean are atolls like those found in Maldives and the Chagos archipelago located?

    <p>Indian Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest temperature recorded at approximately 40° latitude in oceans?

    <p>Not specified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a distinct zone where salinity increases sharply in the ocean?

    <p>Evaporation and condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the bottom layer of ocean water?

    <p>Cold and dense water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thickness of the thermocline layer in the ocean?

    <p>500 - 1000 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Sargasso Sea, the only sea in the world without any shore, located?

    <p>Atlantic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the surface layer of ocean water?

    <p>Photic zone penetrated by solar radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the salinity, temperature, and density of ocean water?

    <p>Prevailing winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a distinct zone where salinity increases sharply in the ocean?

    <p>Influx of river water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest average salinity recorded among the given options?

    <p>Lake Van in Turkey (330°/₀₀)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone in the oceans records the minimum salinity?

    <p>Subpolar and polar zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean has the Mariana Trench, the deepest oceanic trench in the world?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the highest temperature in oceans recorded?

    <p>Tropical zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a guyot?

    <p>Flat-topped underwater mountain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest island in the Indian ocean?

    <p>Madagascar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of fresh water on earth is carried by pycnocline layer?

    <p>18%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the earth's area is covered by water?

    <p>70.8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean is bigger than all the continents put together?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a continuous exchange of water between the atmosphere, the oceans, and the continents?

    <p>Hydrological cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of water on the earth is salty and found in seas and oceans?

    <p>96.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Challenger Deep located, the deepest oceanic trench in the world?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the depth of the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench?

    <p>11,034 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Horizon Deep located?

    <p>Tonga trench</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the height range of seamounts?

    <p>3,000-4,500 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean contains the highest number of explored deeps?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes submarine canyons?

    <p>Found cutting across continental shelves and slopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of guyots?

    <p>Flat-topped seamounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor affects the temperature distribution in oceans due to unequal distribution of land and water?

    <p>Wind patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes longitudinal variations in ocean water temperature?

    <p>Prevailing wind patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the Sargasso Sea?

    <p>It is known for its floating masses of seaweed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for longitudinal variations in ocean water temperature?

    <p>Prevailing wind patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a marginal sea?

    <p>A partially enclosed sea adjacent to or widely open to oceanic expanses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a guyot?

    <p>Flat-topped seamounts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Southern Ocean?

    <p>It is the second smallest ocean in the world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor responsible for the formation of oceanic trenches?

    <p>Tectonic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Molloy Deep, the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean, located?

    <p>Fram Strait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Bering Strait?

    <p>It connects the Arctic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the Sargasso Sea?

    <p>It is the only sea without any shore.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which ocean are atolls like those found in Maldives and the Chagos archipelago located?

    <p>Indian Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for longitudinal variations in ocean water temperature?

    <p>Ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor affects the temperature distribution in oceans due to its unequal distribution of land and water?

    <p>Geographical location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes distinct zones where salinity increases sharply in the ocean?

    <p>Evaporation and precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a guyot?

    <p>A submerged mountain with a flat top</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean contains the Mariana Trench, the deepest oceanic trench in the world?

    <p>Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the salinity, temperature, and density of ocean water?

    <p>Oceanic currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate thickness of the thermocline layer in the ocean?

    <p>500-1000 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the upper limit of salinity considered to demarcate brackish water in terms of ppt?

    <p>24.7 ppt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the highest salinity observed in the oceans on average?

    <p>Between 20° and 30° N and S latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vertical distribution of salinity like in the oceans?

    <p>Salinity increases with depth but is fixed at depth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer carries about 80% of the total volume of ocean water?

    <p>Bottom layer of highest but uniform density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the highest salinity in the North Sea despite its higher latitude?

    <p>Volume of saline water brought by ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the surface layer of ocean water?

    <p>Directly penetrated by solar radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which sea is the highest average salinity recorded?

    <p>Red Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a distinct zone where salinity increases sharply in the ocean?

    <p>Halocline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Pycno" in pycnocline layer refers to which property?

    <p>'Density'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Photic zone" is associated with which layer of ocean water?

    <p>Surface layer of lowest density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of ocean salts according to the passage?

    <p>Weathering and erosion of the earth’s crust transported by rivers to the oceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the surface layer of ocean water?

    <p>It is about 500m thick and the temperature ranges between 20°C and 25°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor responsible for the formation of mid-oceanic ridges?

    <p>Atmosphere and biological interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the highest temperature in oceans recorded?

    <p>Between 20° and 30° N and S latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the total volume of ocean water is carried by the pycnocline layer?

    <p>18%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone in the oceans records the minimum salinity?

    <p>Subpolar and polar zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the salinity, temperature, and density of ocean water?

    <p>Atmosphere and biological interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the Sargasso Sea?

    <p>It is the only sea without any shore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average salinity of the Indian Ocean?

    <p>$35$ °/₀₀</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Hydrosphere

    • The hydrosphere is the region of the Earth where water is present in all its forms.
    • Water covers approximately 71% of the Earth's surface.

    Oceans

    • The Pacific Ocean is located between the western coast of the Americas and the eastern coast of Asia.
    • The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the five oceans, covering an area of approximately 155.6 million km².
    • The Atlantic Ocean is named after Atlas, a figure in Greek mythology.
    • The Indian Ocean is the warmest in the world.
    • The Arctic Ocean is known for its turbulent waters.
    • The Arctic Ocean lies entirely within the Arctic Circle.
    • The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest in the world.
    • The average depth of the Pacific Ocean is approximately 3,970 meters.
    • The Mariana Trench, the deepest oceanic trench in the world, is located in the Pacific Ocean.

    Seas and Other Water Bodies

    • The Sargasso Sea is the only sea in the world without any shore, located in the North Atlantic Ocean.
    • The largest island in the Indian Ocean is Madagascar.
    • A marginal sea is a sea that is partially enclosed by land.
    • The Sargasso Sea is unique because it has no shore and is characterized by a high salinity.

    Oceanic Features

    • The Bering Strait connects the Arctic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean.
    • The main cause of oceanic trenches is the movement of tectonic plates.
    • The Monterey Canyon is an example of a submarine canyon.
    • A guyot is an underwater volcanic mountain with a flat top.

    Ocean Temperature and Salinity

    • The main source of heat energy for the oceans is solar radiation.
    • The unequal distribution of land and water affects the temperature distribution in oceans.
    • Warm ocean currents increase the temperature of affected areas.
    • The average temperature at approximately 40° latitude in oceans is around 10°C.
    • The highest temperature in oceans is recorded near the equator.
    • The northern hemisphere records higher temperatures than the southern hemisphere oceans due to the unequal distribution of land and water.
    • The vertical distribution of temperature in oceans is characterized by a decrease in temperature with depth.
    • The longitudinal variation in ocean water temperature is due to the unequal distribution of land and water.
    • The main source of heating and cooling processes for sea water is the atmosphere.
    • The thermocline layer is approximately 1,000 meters thick.
    • The pycnocline layer carries around 20% of the total volume of ocean water.
    • The salinity of the average Indian Ocean water is around 35 ppt.
    • The highest salinity is observed in the deep-sea water zone.
    • The factor that influences the salinity, temperature, and density of ocean water is the concentration of dissolved salts.
    • At around 1,000 meters depth, the pycnocline, thermocline, and halocline occupy almost the same zones.
    • The highest salinity is recorded in the Red Sea.
    • The bottom layer of ocean water is characterized by a high pressure and low temperature.
    • The surface layer of ocean water is characterized by a high temperature and low pressure.
    • A distinct zone where salinity increases sharply in the ocean is due to the concentration of dissolved salts.
    • The minimum salinity is recorded in the polar regions.

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    Test your knowledge about oceanic trenches, including their formation, characteristics, and notable examples such as the Mariana Trench and the Tonga Trench.

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