Ocean Currents and Their Effects

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary effect of a change in the direction of ocean currents?

  • It increases the salinity of ocean water.
  • It decreases the biodiversity of marine life in coastal areas.
  • It creates more violent storms in affected regions.
  • It affects ocean surface temperatures at locations the current passes. (correct)

What do gyres in the ocean primarily consist of?

  • Deep ocean trenches that host unique ecosystems.
  • Barrier islands that protect coastal regions from waves.
  • Small circular whirlpools that form near coastlines.
  • Large areas of water moving in predictable circular patterns. (correct)

How do ocean currents impact the distribution of objects like shoes in the ocean?

  • They anchor objects to the ocean floor.
  • They dissolve organic material, preventing long-distance travel.
  • They emit gases that affect buoyancy of objects.
  • They carry objects to distant coastlines through their predictable movement. (correct)

Which of the following statements is true about ocean currents?

<p>Ocean currents can carry energy, organisms, and objects across the globe. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical role do ocean currents play in Earth's systems?

<p>They distribute energy and influence climate patterns globally. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by the ocean?

<p>71% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the consistent flow of ocean water?

<p>Ocean current (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ocean currents affect objects and organisms in the ocean?

<p>They carry them around the world. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy is primarily transported by ocean currents?

<p>Solar energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of ocean currents for climate?

<p>They help distribute solar energy across the planet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do warm currents from the equator have on regions they flow to?

<p>They help maintain warmer temperatures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can ocean currents contribute to the movement of marine debris?

<p>They carry debris across the ocean's surface. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the movement of ocean water?

<p>Ocean currents flow in established and consistent patterns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event led to thousands of shoes washing up on various beaches?

<p>A storm caused a cargo ship to lose its containers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following locations did the shoes wash up on?

<p>Oregon, Hawaii, and Japan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Earth's surface does the ocean cover?

<p>71% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason the shoes traveled such long distances?

<p>The ocean's movement carried them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many shoes were reported to be lost from the cargo ship?

<p>61,000 shoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the effect of storms on ocean debris?

<p>Storms can cause large amounts of debris to wash ashore. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did people take when the shoes washed ashore?

<p>They collected them and tried to find matched pairs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'ocean in motion' refer to in the context of oceanography?

<p>The constant movement of ocean water and its debris. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ocean surface temperatures as currents move away from the equator?

<p>They become warmer than expected for that latitude. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gyre is NOT one of the five main ocean gyres?

<p>South Indian Gyre (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the energy carried by the ocean currents change as they move towards the poles?

<p>The energy decreases as currents move away from equator. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a cold current traveling north from Antarctica have on the temperature of the ocean surface?

<p>The temperature is lower than expected for that latitude. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are ocean currents essential for temperature regulation on Earth's surface?

<p>They distribute energy from the sun more evenly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the current moving from the South Pole compared to those nearer the equator?

<p>It carries less energy than equatorial currents. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the movement of ocean currents have on local climates?

<p>They can create microclimates that differ from surrounding areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do currents influence your perception of expected water temperatures at specific latitudes?

<p>Currents can cause water temperatures to misalign with latitude expectations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ocean Coverage

The ocean covers 71% of Earth's surface.

Ocean Currents

Mass movements of seawater that flow in specific directions.

Gyres

Large systems of circulating ocean currents, typically in circular patterns.

Ocean Currents

Consistent flows of ocean water that move in a continuous path.

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Movement of the Ocean

Ocean water is always moving, transporting objects and organisms.

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Energy Transfer

The process of moving energy through ocean currents to different locations.

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Surface Currents

The upper layer of ocean water that moves with the wind and influences climate.

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Carriers of Energy

Ocean currents carry solar energy around the planet.

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Effects on Climate

Warm currents influence local climates by transferring heat.

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Ocean Temperature Change

The alteration of water temperature due to moving currents.

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Energy Transfer

The main way energy from the sun moves around Earth is through ocean motion.

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Transportation of Objects

Ocean currents help transport various objects across the sea.

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Global Impact of Currents

Ocean currents affect global weather and climate patterns.

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Ocean covers Earth

The ocean accounts for 71% of the Earth's surface.

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Cargo ship incident

In 1990, a cargo ship lost 61,000 shoes during a storm.

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Shoes washed up

Shoes from the cargo incident ended up on beaches in Oregon, Hawaii, and Japan.

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Impact of storms on shipping

Powerful storms can cause cargo to be lost at sea.

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Ecological effects of shipping loss

Lost cargo can affect marine environments and ecosystems.

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Global shipping routes

Shipping routes connect distant lands but can lead to accidents and spills.

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Equator

An imaginary line around the middle of the Earth, where the sun’s energy is highest.

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Cold Currents

Ocean currents that transport cold water from polar regions to tropics, affecting local temperatures.

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Heat Distribution

How heat from the sun is spread unevenly across different latitudes.

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Surface Temperature

The temperature of the ocean's surface, influenced by sunlight and ocean currents.

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Latitude Effect

The impact of a location's distance from the equator on its temperature.

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Study Notes

Ocean Currents and Movement

  • Ocean covers 71% of Earth
  • Ocean is in constant motion, carrying energy and objects
  • Ocean currents are consistent paths of moving water
  • Ocean currents carry objects and organisms across the globe

Ocean Currents and Energy Transfer

  • Ocean currents transfer energy from the sun
  • Water at the equator receives more solar energy
  • Warmer currents move away from the equator, carrying this energy
  • Colder currents near the poles receive less solar energy

Ocean Currents and Locations

  • Ocean currents can carry objects long distances
  • Shoes from a ship washed ashore in Oregon, Hawaii, and Japan illustrate this
  • Warm currents coming from the equator can warm a location
  • Cold currents coming from the poles can cool a location

Major Ocean Currents

  • Ocean currents form gyres (large circular patterns)
  • Gyres include the Indian Ocean, North Pacific, South Pacific, North Atlantic, and South Atlantic Gyres
  • Ocean currents affect surface temperatures at different locations

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