Occupational Safety and Health Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?

  • To ensure compliance with government regulations
  • To minimize costs for businesses
  • To prevent accidents and harm to people from work-related activities (correct)
  • To increase worker productivity

    • The construction industry has a lower rate of fatal injuries compared to other sectors.

    False

    What percentage of work-related deaths occur on construction sites?

    25-40%

    OSHA stands for __________.

    <p>Occupational Safety and Health Administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following statistics with their respective descriptions:

    <p>2.78 million = Workers fatally injured each year 374 million = Workers who suffer non-fatal injuries each year 810 = Workdays lost due to injuries 60,000 = Deaths occurring annually on construction sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many cases related to the construction industry were reported out of 2,309 total cases?

    <p>810</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An individual who works in construction has a 75 percent likelihood of experiencing a disabling injury over a 45-year career.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chance of a construction worker developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease if they begin working at age 20 and survive until age 85?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the International Labour Organization (ILO)?

    <p>To advance social and economic justice by setting international labor standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fundamental Conventions are optional for member states to ratify.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Recommendations in the context of ILO standards?

    <p>Non-legally binding guidelines for member states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ILO conventions are __________ international treaties that may be ratified by member states.

    <p>legally binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following ILO terms with their definitions:

    <p>Conventions = Legally binding international treaties. Protocols = Amendments to conventions. Recommendations = Guidelines for policy formulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which year was the Occupational Safety and Health Convention adopted?

    <p>1981</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protocols are legally binding agreements that must be followed by all member states.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Protocol of 2002 to the OSH Convention emphasize?

    <p>Recording and notification of occupational accidents and diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of occupational injuries in the construction industry were cases without workdays lost in 2015?

    <p>66.1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The majority of Filipino workers benefit from acceptable working conditions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many reported cases of occupational injuries were there in the construction industry in 2015?

    <p>2,115</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The law that governs employment practices and labor relations in the Philippines is __________.

    <p>Presidential Decree 442</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following categories of occupational injuries with their percentages based on the 2015 report.

    <p>Cases without workdays lost = 66.1% Temporary incapacity cases = 32.6% Fatal cases = 0.6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a direct cost of accidents in construction?

    <p>Emergency Medical Care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unsafe work practices can contribute to construction accidents.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of accident that can occur due to excavation work.

    <p>Cave-in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lack of ________ is a common cause of falls in construction.

    <p>fall protection equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hazards with their descriptions:

    <p>Cave-ins = Collapse of soil around an excavation site Struck-by accidents = Injuries caused by moving objects Asphyxiation = Lack of oxygen in a work environment Caught-between accidents = Injuries from being squeezed or pinned between objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups is responsible for compliance with OSH rules and policies?

    <p>Employees and Workers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Overloading equipment can lead to mechanical failure.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees do upon finding a hazard on the construction site?

    <p>Report it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

    • OSH focuses on the health and safety of workers in the workplace, emphasizing primary prevention of hazards.
    • Aims to reduce accidents and harm from work-related activities.
    • Multidisciplinary, addressing health, safety, and overall wellness of employees.

    Global OSH Statistics

    • Annually, 2.78 million workers are fatally injured, with 374 million suffering non-fatal injuries due to occupational hazards.
    • Approximately 60,000 deaths occur yearly in construction, with 25-40% of work-related fatalities linked to this sector.
    • The construction industry accounts for 810 cases out of 2,309 total cases of injury.

    Injury Breakdown and Impact

    • 810 injuries lead to lost workdays, with 27 fatal cases reported.
    • Non-fatal injuries: 783 cases with 27 resulting in permanent incapacity and 756 being temporarily incapacitated.
    • 1,499 cases did not result in workdays lost.

    Construction Industry Risks

    • Despite safety advancements, high rates of injury persist in the construction industry.
    • 75% likelihood of construction workers experiencing a disabling injury over a 45-year career.
    • A worker starting at 20 has a 15% chance of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by age 85.

    International Labour Organization (ILO)

    • Established to advance social and economic justice via international labor standards.
    • Promotes decent work through collaboration among governments, employers, and workers.

    ILO Conventions and Protocols

    • Conventions are legally binding treaties; fundamental conventions relate to core worker rights.
    • Governs the execution of international labor standards, while protocols enhance or amend existing conventions.
    • Recommendations guide national policy formation but are non-binding.

    Key OSH Conventions

    • Occupational Safety and Health Convention (C155, 1981): Advocates for national OSH policies and workplace action by governments.
    • Protocol to C155 (P155, 2002): Establishes requirements for recording occupational accidents and annual statistics.
    • The ILO provides standards for maximum workplace safety practices.

    National OSH Situation in the Philippines

    • 2.2 million workers in medium to large enterprises receive effective OSH protections.
    • A significant portion (17 of 18) of the workforce lacks acceptable working conditions.
    • Reports from 2015 indicate 2,115 occupational injuries in the construction sector.

    Major Injuries in Construction

    • Occupational injuries often entail falls, cave-ins, and struck-by incidents.
    • Unsecured scaffolding, ladder-related accidents, and lack of fall protection remain prevalent risks.
    • The construction environment features hazards from heavy machinery and electrical equipment.

    Costs of Workplace Accidents

    • Direct costs include emergency medical care, equipment damage, and compensation payments.
    • Lost productivity affects not only the injured worker but also their crew and supervisors due to investigations and support roles.

    Responsibilities for Safety

    • Policymakers must enforce regulations like DO 13 and ensure continuous training development.
    • Employers must comply with safety standards, provide training, and conduct accident investigations.
    • Employees should follow OSH rules, be proactive about safety, and report hazards.

    Summary of Laws and Regulations

    • Presidential Decree 442: Governs labor relations and employment practices in the Philippines.
    • Republic Act 11058: Strengthens compliance and establishes penalties for OSH violations.

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    Related Documents

    Module 1 - Introduction To COSH PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamental principles of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), focusing on protecting workers in various industries. It examines critical statistics and injury impacts, particularly within the construction sector, highlighting the importance of preventive measures. Test your knowledge on workplace safety and health regulations!

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