Questions and Answers
What is the main goal of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?
The construction industry has a lower rate of fatal injuries compared to other sectors.
False
What percentage of work-related deaths occur on construction sites?
25-40%
OSHA stands for __________.
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Match the following statistics with their respective descriptions:
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How many cases related to the construction industry were reported out of 2,309 total cases?
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An individual who works in construction has a 75 percent likelihood of experiencing a disabling injury over a 45-year career.
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What is the chance of a construction worker developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease if they begin working at age 20 and survive until age 85?
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What is the primary purpose of the International Labour Organization (ILO)?
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Fundamental Conventions are optional for member states to ratify.
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What are Recommendations in the context of ILO standards?
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ILO conventions are __________ international treaties that may be ratified by member states.
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Match the following ILO terms with their definitions:
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Which year was the Occupational Safety and Health Convention adopted?
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Protocols are legally binding agreements that must be followed by all member states.
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What does the Protocol of 2002 to the OSH Convention emphasize?
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What percentage of occupational injuries in the construction industry were cases without workdays lost in 2015?
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The majority of Filipino workers benefit from acceptable working conditions.
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How many reported cases of occupational injuries were there in the construction industry in 2015?
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The law that governs employment practices and labor relations in the Philippines is __________.
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Match the following categories of occupational injuries with their percentages based on the 2015 report.
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Which of the following is a direct cost of accidents in construction?
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Unsafe work practices can contribute to construction accidents.
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Name one type of accident that can occur due to excavation work.
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The lack of ________ is a common cause of falls in construction.
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Match the following hazards with their descriptions:
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Which of the following groups is responsible for compliance with OSH rules and policies?
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Overloading equipment can lead to mechanical failure.
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What should employees do upon finding a hazard on the construction site?
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Study Notes
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)
- OSH focuses on the health and safety of workers in the workplace, emphasizing primary prevention of hazards.
- Aims to reduce accidents and harm from work-related activities.
- Multidisciplinary, addressing health, safety, and overall wellness of employees.
Global OSH Statistics
- Annually, 2.78 million workers are fatally injured, with 374 million suffering non-fatal injuries due to occupational hazards.
- Approximately 60,000 deaths occur yearly in construction, with 25-40% of work-related fatalities linked to this sector.
- The construction industry accounts for 810 cases out of 2,309 total cases of injury.
Injury Breakdown and Impact
- 810 injuries lead to lost workdays, with 27 fatal cases reported.
- Non-fatal injuries: 783 cases with 27 resulting in permanent incapacity and 756 being temporarily incapacitated.
- 1,499 cases did not result in workdays lost.
Construction Industry Risks
- Despite safety advancements, high rates of injury persist in the construction industry.
- 75% likelihood of construction workers experiencing a disabling injury over a 45-year career.
- A worker starting at 20 has a 15% chance of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by age 85.
International Labour Organization (ILO)
- Established to advance social and economic justice via international labor standards.
- Promotes decent work through collaboration among governments, employers, and workers.
ILO Conventions and Protocols
- Conventions are legally binding treaties; fundamental conventions relate to core worker rights.
- Governs the execution of international labor standards, while protocols enhance or amend existing conventions.
- Recommendations guide national policy formation but are non-binding.
Key OSH Conventions
- Occupational Safety and Health Convention (C155, 1981): Advocates for national OSH policies and workplace action by governments.
- Protocol to C155 (P155, 2002): Establishes requirements for recording occupational accidents and annual statistics.
- The ILO provides standards for maximum workplace safety practices.
National OSH Situation in the Philippines
- 2.2 million workers in medium to large enterprises receive effective OSH protections.
- A significant portion (17 of 18) of the workforce lacks acceptable working conditions.
- Reports from 2015 indicate 2,115 occupational injuries in the construction sector.
Major Injuries in Construction
- Occupational injuries often entail falls, cave-ins, and struck-by incidents.
- Unsecured scaffolding, ladder-related accidents, and lack of fall protection remain prevalent risks.
- The construction environment features hazards from heavy machinery and electrical equipment.
Costs of Workplace Accidents
- Direct costs include emergency medical care, equipment damage, and compensation payments.
- Lost productivity affects not only the injured worker but also their crew and supervisors due to investigations and support roles.
Responsibilities for Safety
- Policymakers must enforce regulations like DO 13 and ensure continuous training development.
- Employers must comply with safety standards, provide training, and conduct accident investigations.
- Employees should follow OSH rules, be proactive about safety, and report hazards.
Summary of Laws and Regulations
- Presidential Decree 442: Governs labor relations and employment practices in the Philippines.
- Republic Act 11058: Strengthens compliance and establishes penalties for OSH violations.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental principles of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), focusing on protecting workers in various industries. It examines critical statistics and injury impacts, particularly within the construction sector, highlighting the importance of preventive measures. Test your knowledge on workplace safety and health regulations!
