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Observational Study Designs

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Questions and Answers

Which type of study involves identifying cases, controls, and evaluating other characteristics at one point in time?

Cohort study

Experimental study

Retrospective research

Cross-sectional research (correct)

In which type of study are investigators required to observe different characteristics and their associations without experimental intervention?

Cohort study

Observational study (correct)

Experimental study

Case-control study

What is the main difference between cross-sectional and retrospective research designs?

Retrospective studies evaluate current characteristics

Retrospective studies evaluate future outcomes

Cross-sectional studies evaluate past characteristics

Cross-sectional studies evaluate characteristics at one point in time (correct)

Which type of study is well-suited for studying conditions or characteristics that are relatively infrequent in the population?

Case-control study Signup and view all the answers

A researcher identifies groups of individuals who vary on a characteristic of interest and compares these groups on the measures of interest. Which type of study is being described?

Case-control study Signup and view all the answers

What is a common weakness of cohort designs?

Difficulty in establishing temporal sequence of characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes birth cohort studies from other designs?

Assessment across multiple domains over time Signup and view all the answers

How do case-control studies differ from cohort studies?

Cohort studies analyze past characteristics of groups Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cohort design follows subjects based on a particular criterion?

Single-group cohort design Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining advantage of cohort studies?

Multiple domains assessed throughout the study Signup and view all the answers