19 Questions
What is the fundamental objective of extension?
To stimulate desirable national development
Which of the following is NOT one of the five specific objectives of extension?
Providing financial support to farmers
What do the programme objectives focus on in extension?
Meeting identified educational needs of targeted groups
Which of the following is a specific objective of extension according to the text?
Transferring knowledge from researchers to end-users
What do the teacher (instructor) objectives aim to achieve in extension?
Enable people to have clear goals and realize them
What are the learners' objectives in extension focused on?
Enabling people to take decisions independently in the future
Why should extension focus on educating people for decision-making?
To enable people to take decisions on their own in the future
What role does advising play in the objectives of extension?
It assists people in the decision-making process
'Meeting identified educational needs of targeted groups’ is primarily associated with which type of objectives in extension?
'Programme objectives'
What are the three broad components or activities of extension according to the text?
Extension Education, Extension Service, Extension Support
Which element of extension includes motivation, involvement, and self-confidence?
Farmers' and Peoples' Organisation
Which institutions are generally responsible for performing the role of extension education?
Research Institutes and Universities
What is the main focus of extension service as mentioned in the text?
Promoting sustainable farming practices
How is extension education described in terms of its orientation?
Local resource-based and problem-solution-oriented
What is the primary purpose of extension service according to the text?
Transferring new technologies and advising on improved methods
In extension work, what is the focus of extension agents?
To assist people through education and service
What are the subject matter areas covered in extension related to agriculture?
Crop and livestock production, food processing, and marketing
What is the main goal of extension work according to the text?
To help people help themselves through education and service
What is the significance of analysing the situation in the extension process?
To obtain information about peoples' interests, needs, and farming systems
Study Notes
Objectives of Extension
- The fundamental objective of extension is to stimulate desirable local and national development.
- Five specific objectives of extension:
- Transfer knowledge from researchers to end-users
- Advise people in the decision-making process
- Educate people to enable them to take similar decisions in future on their own
- Enable people to have clear goals with knowledge about their possibilities and how to realize them
- Stimulate desirable developments within the framework of national, economic, and social policies
Components of Extension
- Four main elements that form part of the process of extension:
- Knowledge and skills
- Technical advice and information
- Motivation, involvement, and self-confidence
- Farmers' and people's organisation for practice
- Three broad components or activities of extension:
- Extension Education
- Extension Services
- Extension Work
Extension Education
- A need-oriented, local resource-based, problem-solution-oriented system interrelated with education and research
- Extension education role is generally performed by higher learning institutions, such as research institutes, universities, and apex-level training and extension organizations
Extension Service
- A programme for development implemented by way of adopting the extension principles and process
- Location-specific, input-intensive, service-oriented, and field-level professional activity
- Two objectives:
- Transferring new technologies or innovations and advising the people on improved methods
- Communicating development constraints to research institutes / development organizations / policy makers as feedback for participatory-technology development
Extension Work
- To assist people through both education and service
- To stimulate people to adopt changes that result in more efficient production and marketing, conservation of natural resources, improved livelihood security, health, and more satisfying family and community life
- Extremely broad-based in usage and location-specific
Extension Scope
- Describes the extension coverage that addresses three major parts:
- People to be taught (farmers, youth, women, marginalized and vulnerable groups)
- Subject matter areas/content to be taught (agriculture, crop and livestock production, farm management, etc.)
- Methods of teaching (individual, group, mass, and digital contact methods)
- Extension agents, development partners/agencies, input supplies, and service providers are also important actors and operators within the extension processes
Process of Extension
- A continuous and never-ending process
- Involves five essential phases or steps for any development programme in extension:
- Analyzing the situation
- Formulating a suitable developmental programme
- Planning and organizing the programme
- Executing the programme
- Evaluating and following up the programme
Learn about the fundamental, general, and specific objectives of extension in agriculture, focusing on the development of rural communities and farmers. Understand the role of instructors and learners in achieving these objectives.
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