709 1.4 - 1.7

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What does the objective assessment for people with spinal conditions aim to determine?

Client's favorite activities

Treatment effectiveness for unrelated conditions

Functional activities and impairments affecting those activities (correct)

Client's age and gender

Why is it important to do client reported outcome measures (PROM) for individuals with long-term spinal problems?

To determine the client's favorite song

To track treatment effectiveness (correct)

To identify unrelated health issues

To measure body temperature

What does the history of a client provide in relation to the objective assessment?

Impairments that affect functional activities (correct)

Dietary preferences of the client

Weather conditions during the assessment

Client's shoe size

In what ways can objective assessment and client history help in determining a treatment plan?

By identifying impairments that can be targeted with treatment Signup and view all the answers

What type of outcome measures are important for individuals with lumbo-pelvic pain conditions?

Client reported outcome measures (PROM) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of conducting optional readings on outcome measures for low back pain syndromes?

To understand the usefulness of different outcome measures Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of conducting patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for clients with low back pain?

To assist in accurately targeting treatment approaches Signup and view all the answers

Why is caution advised when completing pain and disability-focused outcome measures for clients with low back pain?

They have an immediate negative effect on pressure pain thresholds Signup and view all the answers

Why should specific tests be conducted for clients with low back pain?

To detect specific conditions when there is a reason to do so Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of screening or clearing tests for clients with low back pain?

To rule out potential sources of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

When should objective assessments be categorized as 'routine tests' for clients with low back pain?

When the area is considered a likely source of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What is a reason to conduct specific tests for clients with low back pain?

To detect specific conditions when there is a reason to do so Signup and view all the answers

Why should objective assessments not necessarily be completed on day one for clients with low back pain?

Some assessments may not be relevant based on hypotheses Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of conducting outcome measures for clients with low back pain?

To guide treatment decisions and monitor improvement Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when assessing someone with low back pain?

Using questionnaires and patient-reported outcome measures Signup and view all the answers

Why are screening or clearing tests conducted for clients with low back pain?

To rule out certain diagnoses or structures as contributors to symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which region is usually better to start assessing posture from, rather than focusing on the lumbar spine and pelvis?

Feet and calves Signup and view all the answers

What is a structural scoliosis characterized by?

An 'S' shaped curve being convex to one side Signup and view all the answers

What test is commonly used for screening structural scoliosis?

Adams forward flexion test Signup and view all the answers

How can a list be differentiated from a scoliosis?

By being a lateral shift without rotation Signup and view all the answers

What angle of the ribs from the horizontal indicates the need for imaging to evaluate scoliosis?

$5-7$ degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which app has been found to provide reliable results for assessing scoliosis even when used by non-professionals?

'Scoliometer' app Signup and view all the answers

What does a rotational component in a scoliosis result in during the Adams forward flexion test?

Higher ribs on one side Signup and view all the answers

What is typically included in relevant functional movements during a client assessment?

Activities like standing, bending, sitting at a workstation, or lifting. Signup and view all the answers

What is described as a transient condition that involves a lateral shift without rotation?

List. Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated when a smartphone inclinometer app provides reliable results for assessing scoliosis?

The need for further professional evaluation. Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored at each stage in active movements?

Pre-movement resting symptoms, during movement behaviour of symptoms, and post-movement resolution of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Why is visual estimation of lumbar movements useful?

It can reliably detect differences of 2-3 degrees immediately after a treatment Signup and view all the answers

Which method is known for being notoriously inaccurate in estimating angles?

Visual estimation Signup and view all the answers

What can distort measurements when using smartphone apps to measure lumbar movements?

Magnetic fields in the room Signup and view all the answers

Which method is considered more difficult to perform and less reliable than the Modified modified Shober test (MMS)?

Dual inclinometers Signup and view all the answers

What are the normative values for lumbar extension measurement using the Modified modified Shober test (MMS)?

$2.42±0.74$ cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe translational movements of peripheral joints?

Accessory movements Signup and view all the answers

What type of movements in the spine are produced by a translational force?

Accessory movements Signup and view all the answers

What type of movements involve more directions in multiple planes, similar to peripheral physiological movements?

Functional movements Signup and view all the answers

What are the standard techniques for assessing Passive Physiological Intervertebral Movements (PPIVMs) in the spine?

Movement in cardinal planes Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation SMT stand for in the context of spinal manual therapy?

Spinal Manual Therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which technique for the spine uses the same four grades of movement as treatment for peripheral joints?

PAIVM treatment Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation PROM stand for in relation to client assessments?

Patient Reported Outcome Measure Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of the McKenzie Method or Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT)?

Targeting movements that the client can do themselves Signup and view all the answers

According to the McKenzie approach, what is the primary principle behind the Derangement classification?

Repeated movements in a direction that improves pain Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the McKenzie approach from passive mobilization in treating low back pain?

Repetition of movements by the person themselves Signup and view all the answers

Which classification in the McKenzie Method pertains to limitations of mobility in a particular direction, similar to a peripheral joint issue?

Dysfunction classification Signup and view all the answers

What type of symptoms are addressed by the Postural classification in the McKenzie Method?

Symptoms due to abnormal postures Signup and view all the answers

What was the shift in exercise prescription for low back pain patients from Williams Flexion exercises to McKenzie exercises primarily based on?

Empirical evidence and disc movement theory Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of exercises had been popularized after the focus on extension-based exercises in treating low back pain?

Motor control and stability exercises Signup and view all the answers

Which list is easier to improve according to the text?

Contralateral list Signup and view all the answers

During which activity did the individual sit with minimal lumbar lordosis?

Sitting in simulated workplace Signup and view all the answers

What is the assessment method mentioned for articular motion in the spine?

Passive physiological intervertebral movements (PPIVMs) Signup and view all the answers

What causes limitations in the motion element of the spine, according to the text?

Articular and neural structures Signup and view all the answers

What should be evaluated prior to assessing articular motion, according to the text?

Evaluating soft tissue characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration for selecting treatment according to the text?

Client's goals and impairments Signup and view all the answers

During which activity did the individual show a contralateral list?

Standing in slight lumbar flexion Signup and view all the answers

When is the SpPIN (Specificity Positive rule IN) mnemonic helpful?

When you want a quick test to confirm you don't need to investigate further. Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive finding on a clearing test trigger?

The need to investigate further. Signup and view all the answers

What does the SnNOUT (Sensitivity Negative rule OUT) mnemonic help with?

Ruling out conditions when routine tests are negative. Signup and view all the answers

In what situation might a clearing test be used?

When a structure is suspected to contribute to the symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the SpPIN mnemonic?

To confirm no need for further investigation. Signup and view all the answers

When might a SpPIN mnemonic be beneficial during assessments?

When there is uncertainty about the involvement of a particular structure. Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the need for further investigation during assessments?

A positive finding on a clearing test. Signup and view all the answers

When should the SnNOUT mnemonic be applied?

When suspicion remains despite negative routine tests. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the SnNOUT mnemonic?

To rule out conditions when routine tests are negative. Signup and view all the answers

What does a clearing test confirm?

Further investigation is required. Signup and view all the answers

Why would a positive finding on a clearing test prompt further action?

To investigate suspicions further. Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would you apply the SnNOUT mnemonic?

When routine tests are inconclusive. Signup and view all the answers

What outcome does a positive finding on a clearing test trigger?

Further investigation. Signup and view all the answers

Why might one consider using the SpPIN mnemonic?

To affirm suspicions of structure involvement. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances would you find the SpPIN mnemonic beneficial?

When testing reveals inconclusive results. Signup and view all the answers