Conservative Management of Spinal Conditions

<p>Conservative measures such as bracing and activity restriction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>60 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain and numbness in a specific limb (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-track neurological signs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MRI (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be utilized to a patient's advantage in managing symptoms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For short-term management of acute pain exacerbations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The physical act of the needle insertion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It includes both fast and slow pain fiber responses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trigger point and facet joint injections. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are conducted mainly for radiculopathy (nerve root pain). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are indicated for axial pain without radiation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reinforcing vertebrae with PMMA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They suppress ectopic neuronal discharges. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bony fragments extending into the canal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improved function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Education in positions of comfort (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Embolization into pulmonary vasculature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By injecting PMMA into a balloon within the fracture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hospitalization for pain control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain with hip loading/rotation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To achieve direct neuromodulation effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be utilized for therapeutic purposes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They control severe acute pain or exacerbations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medial branch blocks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The needle's stimulation effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are involved in transmitting slow, deep aching pain. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All types of injections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They interfere with inflammatory mediators. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasagittal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adolescents after injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>May lead to leg symptoms without back pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erosions of vertebral body end plates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-track signs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asymptomatic until late adulthood for most individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conservative management including bracing and activity restriction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MRI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reinforce vertebral stability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary embolization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To support spinal alignment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improved stability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Localized and often unilateral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use of a balloon to inflate the fractured vertebra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antidepressants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Education on positions of comfort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kyphoplasty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintained improvements in pain and function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bony fragments extending into the canal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Core strengthening (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased pain during hip loading (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Embolization into pulmonary vasculature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vertebroplasty (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased pain postprocedure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows patients to begin therapy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They suppress ectopic neuronal discharges. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The needle itself induces a response. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medial branch blocks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medial branches from the primary dorsal rami. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Failure to notice any immediate pain relief. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe complications with extended application. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small, myelinated A-delta fibers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10% of individuals show degeneration by age 25. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasagittal direction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are associated with vertical herniation through the endplate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leg symptoms without back pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Usually over 60 years old (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe pain with limited range of motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Related primarily to disc issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conservative management, including bracing and activity restriction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adjusting the dosage of a medication to find the optimal level for a patient.

A treatment used in addition to other therapies, not as the primary treatment.

Injections into specific muscle points (trigger points) often using anesthetic, not steroids; needle effect believed to be primary.

Injections into the epidural space of the spine, primarily used for nerve root pain (radiculopathy).

Injections into the facet joints of the spine, often for axial (back-centered) pain, not radiating pain.

Corticosteroids reduce inflammation, stabilize membranes, and inhibit excessive nerve signals.

Nociception involves large A-alpha (vibration/proprioception), small A-delta (fast pain/temperature), and unmyelinated C (slow, aching pain) fibers.

Used when the pain is caused by nerve root issues and not just isolated back pain.

A fracture that occurs when a bone in the spine collapses, often due to osteoporosis.

A minimally invasive procedure that uses a special cement to strengthen and stabilize a vertebral compression fracture.

A minimally invasive procedure similar to vertebroplasty, but it uses a balloon to create space before filling with the cement.

The joint between the sacrum (tailbone) and the ilium (pelvis)

Pain and instability in the sacroiliac joint.

Pain that travels, often from the spine, along the path of a nerve.

an exaggerated, outward curve of the upper back, also known as hunchback.

A state of decreased physical fitness and overall health due to inactivity.

A type of vertebral disc herniation where the disc material pushes through the endplate of the vertebra, often into the vertebral body.

A type of disc herniation where the disc bulges out into the space where the nerve roots exit the spinal column (foramen).

A common condition where the soft center of a lumbar disc bulges or ruptures, putting pressure on nearby nerves.

A natural process with aging in the lumbar spine where discs lose water content, become thinner, and sometimes bulge or rupture.

A condition where the spinal cord in the neck is compressed, often by a herniated disc or bone spurs.

A condition where a nerve root in the neck is compressed, usually by a herniated disc.

A gradual, age-related process where the discs in the neck lose their elasticity and water content, leading to instability and pain.

A rare but serious condition where a collection of infected pus forms in the epidural space, often causing severe back pain and potential neurological complications.

Adjusting the dosage of a neuromodulation treatment to find the optimal level for a patient.

Some medication side effects can be used to the patient's benefit, depending on the condition.

Glucocorticoids (like prednisone) are used for short periods to control severe pain, not as a cure.

Injections guided by X-rays to ensure accuracy for both diagnosis and treatment.

Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.

Schmorl's nodes are a type of vertebral disc herniation where the disc material pushes through the endplate of the vertebra, often into the vertebral body. This happens when the soft center of the disc bulges or ruptures, pushing into the bone of the vertebra.

A foraminal disc herniation occurs when the disc bulges out into the space where the nerve roots exit the spinal column (foramen). This can cause leg pain without back pain because the herniated disc is pressing on the nerve root.

A lumbar disc herniation is a common condition where the soft center of a lumbar disc bulges or ruptures, putting pressure on nearby nerves. This can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the legs.

Cervical myelopathy is a condition where the spinal cord in the neck is compressed, often by a herniated disc or bone spurs. This can cause weakness, numbness, and difficulty walking.

Cervical radiculopathy is a condition where a nerve root in the neck is compressed, usually by a herniated disc. This can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the arm or hand.

Non-inflammatory disc degeneration is a gradual, age-related process where the discs in the neck lose their elasticity and water content, leading to instability and pain. This is a natural aging process that affects most people as they get older.

An epidural abscess is a rare but serious condition where a collection of infected pus forms in the epidural space, often causing severe back pain and potential neurological complications.

Epidural abscesses often cause severe pain that is limited in range of motion, and may be accompanied by a fever.

Glucocorticoids like prednisone are used for short periods to manage severe acute pain or pain flare-ups, but they don't cure the underlying issue.

While very effective for quick pain control, long-term glucocorticoid use carries high risks of serious side effects.

Therapeutic injections are used as an additional treatment alongside other therapies, not as the primary treatment for pain.

Injections of anesthetic can temporarily block nerve conduction, helping determine the source of pain by observing where the pain relief occurs.

Trigger point injections often involve just an anesthetic (anti-inflammatory) injection, with the needle itself thought to be the key to relieving pain.

Facet joint injections are good for axial pain (pain in the back itself) that doesn't spread, and is worse when standing up.

Large, myelinated A alpha fibers transmit sensations of vibration and position sense (proprioception) in the nervous system.

These fibers transmit fast pain signals and temperature sensations, creating the sharp, localized pain we feel.

A mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and feelings of hopelessness.

Severe pain that restricts the range of motion.