Object-Oriented Design Principles Chapter 10
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What is the primary purpose of a design in object-oriented design principles?

  • To define the context of the program
  • To implement concrete classes
  • To create abstractions for inheritance
  • To describe how something will work in a context using requirements (correct)

    • What principle is related to the idea of loose coupling?

  • The Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)
  • The Principle of Least Knowledge (PLK) (correct)
  • The Interface Segregation Principle (ISP)
  • The Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP)

    • What is the purpose of the Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP)?

  • To define the context of the program
  • To ensure clients depend on interfaces they use
  • To create abstractions for inheritance
  • To ensure subtypes are substitutable for their base types (correct)

    • What is the goal of the Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)?

    <p>To depend on abstractions rather than concrete classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the Interface Segregation Principle (ISP)?

    <p>To prevent clients from depending on interfaces they don't use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a design style in object-oriented design principles?

    <p>Styles of Design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the other name for the Principle of Least Knowledge (PLK)?

    <p>The Law of Demeter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an interface in object-oriented design principles?

    <p>To provide a common set of methods for related classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of LSP violations in derived classes?

    <p>Method overriding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of abstracting out common things in the DRY principle?

    <p>To avoid duplicate code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a sub-class throwing exceptions to hide certain behavior defined in its super class?

    <p>It violates the LSP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of a class according to the Single Responsibility Principle?

    <p>To have a single responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Don't Repeat Yourself principle?

    <p>To avoid code duplication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of LSP violation in a sub-class?

    <p>Overriding a virtual method with an empty implementation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the principle that advises against duplicate code?

    <p>Don't Repeat Yourself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a class having multiple responsibilities?

    <p>It violates the Single Responsibility Principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind the Dependency Inversion Principle?

    <p>Higher-level modules should depend on abstractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the design principles in object-oriented design?

    <p>To provide guidelines for creating a good design that is easy to implement and maintain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential issue with deep inheritance trees?

    <p>They can lead to tight coupling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of abstraction in object-oriented design?

    <p>To provide a common interface for different implementations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of encapsulating things in your design that are likely to change?

    <p>Classes are protected from unnecessary changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of exposing member data in public?

    <p>It compromises data integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a class that remains relatively constant throughout the program?

    <p>Violinist class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of coding to an interface rather than to an implementation?

    <p>It increases the flexibility of the design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of interfaces in object-oriented design?

    <p>To provide a common interface for different implementations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the open triangle in a UML diagram?

    <p>It represents inheritance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Open-Closed Principle (OCP)?

    <p>To make classes open for extension and closed for modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the problem with data-only classes?

    <p>They lack behavioral functionality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a class that implements the Shape interface?

    <p>Rectangle class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Liskov Substitution Principle?

    <p>To ensure that subclasses can be used as their base classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of separating the features and methods of a class that remain relatively constant throughout the program from those that will change?

    <p>It makes the design more flexible and easier to maintain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a feature that will change in the Violinist class?

    <p>play() method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a class is used as part of another class but still exists outside of that class, what is this concept called?

    <p>Aggregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind the Principle of Least Knowledge?

    <p>Talk only to your immediate friends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complement to strong cohesion in an application?

    <p>Loose coupling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Delegation in object-oriented design principles?

    <p>To give responsibility for the behavior to another class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the principle that says 'high-level modules should not depend on low-level modules, but both should depend on abstractions'?

    <p>Dependency Inversion Principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept called when classes are related to each other?

    <p>Association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Composition in object-oriented design principles?

    <p>To have your program use a set of behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the 23 class design guidelines?

    <p>Davis and McConnell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Object-Oriented Design Principles

    • Designs have a purpose: describe how something will work in a context, using the requirements (lists of features, user stories, and use cases) to define the context.
    • Designs must have enough information: enough details in the design so that someone can come after you and implement the program correctly.

    Fundamental Object-Oriented Design Principles

    • Encapsulate things in your design that are likely to change: separate the features and methods of a class that remain relatively constant throughout the program from those that will change.
    • Code to an interface rather than to an implementation: subtypes must be substitutable for their base types.
    • The Open-Closed Principle (OCP): classes should be open for extension and closed for modification.
    • The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) Principle: abstract out things that are common and place them in a single location to avoid duplicate code.

    Other Design Principles

    • The Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP): subtypes must be substitutable for their base types.
    • The Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP): don't depend on concrete classes; depend on abstractions.
    • The Interface Segregation Principle (ISP): clients shouldn't have to depend on interfaces they don't use.
    • The Principle of Least Knowledge (PLK): talk only to your immediate friends.

    Styles of Design

    • Delegation: give responsibility for the behavior to another class.
    • Composition: assemble behaviors from other classes.
    • Association: classes are related to each other.

    Class Design Guidelines

    • 1. Don't expose member data in public.
    • 2. Watch for coupling that's too tight (PLK).
    • 3. Avoid deep inheritance trees (LSP).
    • 4. Eliminate data-only classes.
    • 5. Eliminate operation-only classes.
    • 6. Avoid putting methods into the public interface.
    • 7. Be sure to inherit only what you want to inherit (LSP).
    • 8. Present a consistent level of abstraction in the class interface.

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    Understand the principles of object-oriented design, including the Liskov Substitution Principle and the Dependency Inversion Principle. Learn how to write code that is flexible and maintainable.

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