Lecture 12 – Eukaryotic transcription

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What is the capital of France? (example question)

Paris (correct)

London

Berlin

Madrid

What is a key difference between bacterial and eukaryotic transcription?

Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm for both.

Eukaryotic transcripts are processed before translation. (correct)

Bacterial mRNAs are always monocistronic.

Eukaryotic transcription occurs in the same compartment as translation.

Which RNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing mRNA in eukaryotes?

RNA Polymerase I

RNA Polymerase II (correct)

RNA Polymerase III

RNA Polymerase IV

What is the function of the 5' cap added to eukaryotic mRNA?

To protect the mRNA from degradation and assist in translation. Signup and view all the answers

How are eukaryotic RNA polymerases different from bacterial RNA polymerases?

Eukaryotic RNA polymerases are more complex and require general transcription factors. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is part of the core promoter for RNA Polymerase II in eukaryotes?

TATA box Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

It is recognized by RNA Polymerase II and helps position the transcription machinery. Signup and view all the answers

What does TBP stand for, and what is its role in eukaryotic transcription?

TATA-Binding Protein; it binds to the TATA box and initiates transcription. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is essential for the formation of the transcription initiation complex in eukaryotes?

TFIID complex Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of enhancers in eukaryotic transcription?

To increase the transcription levels of specific genes Signup and view all the answers

What effect does histone acetylation have on chromatin structure and gene expression?

It promotes a relaxed chromatin structure, facilitating transcription Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TFIIH in eukaryotic transcription?

It functions as both a helicase and a kinase, facilitating the transition from initiation to elongation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the poly-A tail added to eukaryotic mRNA

It enhances mRNA stability and export from the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the capping of eukaryotic mRNA?

The cap is formed by a 5'-5' triphosphate linkage. Signup and view all the answers

During the initiation of transcription, which factor is first recruited to the TATA box?

TFIID Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the CAAT and GC boxes in eukaryotic promoters?

They enhance transcription by providing binding sites for specific transcription factors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product of RNA Polymerase I in eukaryotic cells?

rRNA Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during splicing in eukaryotic pre-mRNA processing?

Introns are removed, and exons are joined together Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA?

Induction of splicing. Signup and view all the answers

During eukaryotic transcription, what triggers the transition from initiation to elongation?

Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA Polymerase II. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the DNA looping model in the function of enhancers?

Signup and view all the answers

Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase is primarily responsible for transcribing tRNAs?

RNA Polymerase III Signup and view all the answers

What occurs at the +1 position in eukaryotic promoters?

It indicates the start of transcription. Signup and view all the answers

Which process is NOT part of the post-transcriptional modification of eukaryotic mRNA?

Translation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of transcription factors in eukaryotic transcription?

To bind to DNA and regulate the transcription process Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II during transcription?

It marks the transition from initiation to elongation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic mRNA compared to bacterial mRNA?

Eukaryotic mRNAs undergo extensive processing before translation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which enhancers increase transcription?

By looping the DNA to bring them closer to the promoter. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the binding of TBP to the TATA box have on the DNA structure?

It bends the DNA, widening the minor groove. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the basal transcription apparatus is correct?

It includes general transcription factors and RNA Polymerase II. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is responsible for the recruitment of RNA Polymerase II to the promoter in eukaryotes?

TFIID Signup and view all the answers

Lecture 12 – Eukaryotic transcription

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Questions and Answers

What is the capital of France? (example question)

What is a key difference between bacterial and eukaryotic transcription?

Which RNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing mRNA in eukaryotes?

What is the function of the 5' cap added to eukaryotic mRNA?

How are eukaryotic RNA polymerases different from bacterial RNA polymerases?

Which of the following elements is part of the core promoter for RNA Polymerase II in eukaryotes?

What is the function of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

What does TBP stand for, and what is its role in eukaryotic transcription?

Which of the following components is essential for the formation of the transcription initiation complex in eukaryotes?

What is the primary function of enhancers in eukaryotic transcription?

What effect does histone acetylation have on chromatin structure and gene expression?

What is the role of TFIIH in eukaryotic transcription?

What is the significance of the poly-A tail added to eukaryotic mRNA

Which of the following statements is true regarding the capping of eukaryotic mRNA?

During the initiation of transcription, which factor is first recruited to the TATA box?

What is the primary role of the CAAT and GC boxes in eukaryotic promoters?

What is the primary product of RNA Polymerase I in eukaryotic cells?

What occurs during splicing in eukaryotic pre-mRNA processing?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA?

During eukaryotic transcription, what triggers the transition from initiation to elongation?

What is the role of the DNA looping model in the function of enhancers?

Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase is primarily responsible for transcribing tRNAs?

What occurs at the +1 position in eukaryotic promoters?

Which process is NOT part of the post-transcriptional modification of eukaryotic mRNA?

What is the primary role of transcription factors in eukaryotic transcription?

What is the significance of the phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II during transcription?

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic mRNA compared to bacterial mRNA?

What is the primary mechanism by which enhancers increase transcription?

What effect does the binding of TBP to the TATA box have on the DNA structure?

Which of the following statements about the basal transcription apparatus is correct?

Which factor is responsible for the recruitment of RNA Polymerase II to the promoter in eukaryotes?

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