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Questions and Answers
The supplement industry has grown dramatically over the past thirty years, with worldwide sales reaching an estimated $______ billion by 2008.
The supplement industry has grown dramatically over the past thirty years, with worldwide sales reaching an estimated $______ billion by 2008.
187
Sixty-eight percent of American adults take dietary supplements, while ______ percent consider themselves 'regular' users.
Sixty-eight percent of American adults take dietary supplements, while ______ percent consider themselves 'regular' users.
52
In studying the apple, Professor Liu and his research team focused on vitamin ______ and its antioxidant effect.
In studying the apple, Professor Liu and his research team focused on vitamin ______ and its antioxidant effect.
C
The antioxidant activity from 100 grams of whole apple was found to be equivalent to ______ milligrams of vitamin C.
The antioxidant activity from 100 grams of whole apple was found to be equivalent to ______ milligrams of vitamin C.
When analyzed, 100 grams of whole apple contained only ______ milligrams of vitamin C.
When analyzed, 100 grams of whole apple contained only ______ milligrams of vitamin C.
The vitamin C–like activity in the apple was found to be ______ times as potent as the same amount of the isolated chemical.
The vitamin C–like activity in the apple was found to be ______ times as potent as the same amount of the isolated chemical.
Less than ______ percent of the vitamin C–like activity in the apple is attributed to the specific chemical known as vitamin C.
Less than ______ percent of the vitamin C–like activity in the apple is attributed to the specific chemical known as vitamin C.
The other 99-plus percent of vitamin C–like activity in the apple is due to ______ vitamin C–like chemicals.
The other 99-plus percent of vitamin C–like activity in the apple is due to ______ vitamin C–like chemicals.
There are hundreds, if not thousands, of chemicals in apples that may affect ______ reactions and metabolic systems.
There are hundreds, if not thousands, of chemicals in apples that may affect ______ reactions and metabolic systems.
The notion that a single chemical is responsible for the major health-giving properties of apples poses a serious ______.
The notion that a single chemical is responsible for the major health-giving properties of apples poses a serious ______.
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Study Notes
Alternative Health Trends
- Growing skepticism towards traditional medical and pharmaceutical industries has led individuals to rely on nutritional supplements.
- The supplement industry has seen significant growth, with worldwide sales reaching $187 billion in 2008.
- Approximately 68% of American adults use dietary supplements, with 52% identifying as regular users.
Apples and Vitamin C Research
- Professor Liu's team investigated the antioxidant effects of vitamin C in apples.
- A 100-gram serving of fresh apples (around half a cup) demonstrated an antioxidant activity equivalent to 1,500 mg of vitamin C.
- Chemically analyzed, the same 100 grams contained only 5.7 mg of actual vitamin C, indicating a significant discrepancy.
- The vitamin C-like activity in apples was found to be 263 times more potent than isolated vitamin C in the same weight.
- This suggests that more than 99% of the antioxidant activity is attributed to other active compounds in apples rather than isolated vitamin C.
Implications on Nutritional Understanding
- The complexity of apples contains hundreds to thousands of different chemicals, each potentially influencing various biological processes.
- Measurement of vitamin C in apples does not accurately reflect their overall health benefits; the presence of isolated nutrients can be misleading.
- Antioxidant power cannot be determined solely by the amount of vitamin C present in the fruit.
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