Nutrition Support Methods Quiz

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

• Malnutrition Consequences: Increased infection risk, delayed wound healing, delayed return to normal activities. Increased healthcare costs and decreased quality of life.
• Enteral vs. Parenteral Nutrition: Enteral nutrition (EN) delivers nutrients through the GI tract (using a tube, catheter, or stoma). Parenteral nutrition (PN) delivers nutrients directly into the circulatory system.
• Enteral Nutrition Disadvantages/Complications: Difficulty of administration, poor tolerance, and difficulty meeting some patients' nutritional needs.
• Enteral Nutrition Types/Indications: Standard or polymeric formulas, special needs formulas, for those with swallowing difficulty.
• Enteral Feeding Delivery Methods: Bolus feedings (250-500 mL several times daily), intermittent feedings (20-30 minutes several times daily), and continuous feedings (10-24 hours daily, via pump).
• Refeeding Syndrome: Metabolic alterations potentially caused by nutritional repletion in starved patients. High-risk patients are those with prolonged malnutrition.
• Nutrition Care Process for Developing Enteral Prescriptions: Establish dosing weight, calculate kcal and protein goals, determine fluid needs, decide on delivery methods, write the final prescription.
• Parenteral Nutrition Disadvantages/Complications: Administration difficulties, potential for complications like refeeding syndrome or electrolyte imbalances.
• Parenteral Nutrition Indications: Inability to meet nutritional needs through oral or EN, diagnoses of severe GI impairments or complications.
• Parenteral Nutrition Considerations: Dosing weights, energy needs, protein needs, fluid needs. Formulations: dextrose, amino acids, lipids (including combinations).
• Parenteral Administration: Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN) or Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN), using venous access devices.
• Transitional Feeding: Important for patients changing from one type of nutrition to another to prevent overfeeding and hyperglycemia. GI function confirmation essential.
• Home PN: Patient-specific monitoring protocols and considerations for electrolytes, fluids, vitamins, and minerals. Prevention of complications like metabolic bone disease, intestinal failure-associated liver disease, and catheter-related bloodstream infections.

Additional Information

• Formulas: Standard/Polymeric, hydrolysed, high-fiber, high-calorie, specialized (e.g., for renal failure)
• Fluid and Nutrient Density: Kcal/mL, osmolality are considered. Fluid restrictions may impact formula choices.
• Electrolyte, Vitamins and Mineral Needs: Based on specific patient needs and monitored regularly.
• Lipids: Sources (soybean, corn, etc). Important for providing calories and essential fatty acids.
• Monitoring and Evaluation: Key parameters like weight, electrolytes, blood glucose, and bowel function should be monitored

Test your knowledge on the various methods of nutrition support, including enteral and parenteral nutrition. This quiz covers key concepts such as recommended phosphorus intake and the risks of malnutrition. Perfect for students studying nutrition or healthcare professionals.