Nutrition Science and Essential Nutrients

Substances essential for health that an organism CAN NOT make in sufficient quantity.

A nutrient that CAN NOT be made by the organism must be consumed.

The science of food, the action, interaction, and balance related to health and disease. The process the organism ingests, digests, absorbs, transports, utilizes, and excretes food substances.

<p>Beri Beri</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats/Oils, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minimum amount of energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction 200-400 Kcalories</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Usable energy extracted from food by the body's digestive system 100 Kcalories</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy required to move a force of 1 newton over the distance of 1 meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>State of being improperly nourished</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of health</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dietary Reference Intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excess energy is stored as fat in the body - too much of this can lead to obesity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pigs and poultry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cats</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An amount that is greater than the nutrient requirement to allow for variation between individual organisms - used for managing a whole group or herd</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Buffers built into dietary recommendation to ensure that the intake of a nutrient doesn't pose a risk of toxicity or deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How your body separates the energy and nutrients from the food you eat, to be used in different body functions and tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amount of heat produced from the complete oxidation (burning) of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy that the animal absorbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy that is available for use by the animal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy that is available for maintenance or production</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secretes mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loose connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two layers of smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microorganisms including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, that live in the digestive track of animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ring-shaped areas of muscle, separate regions of the digestive tract, prevent backwards movement, controls the amount from stomach to the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical treatments that food undergoes that does not change its chemical composition - teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An enzyme that breaks down starch into smaller molecules, such as maltose, then breaks down to glucose. produced in the salivary glands - helps the digestion of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete inability to detect odor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An abnormally heightened sense of taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

Substances essential for health that an organism CAN NOT make in sufficient quantity.

A nutrient that CAN NOT be made by the organism and must be consumed.

The science of food, related to health and disease, including digestion and absorption.

A condition caused by a lack of thiamin.

A disease resulting from a lack of Vitamin C.

Nutrients the body needs in large amounts to function - carbs, proteins, fats.

Vitamins and minerals needed in small amounts for proper body function.

Usable energy extracted from food by the body's digestive system.

A state of being improperly nourished.

Dietary Reference Intake, a set of nutritional guidelines.

Recommended Daily Amount needed for 97% of the healthy population.

Hormone secreted by the stomach that promotes hunger.

Mixture of food and gastric juice in the stomach.

Movement of the food bolus through the esophagus to the stomach.

Cells that secrete mucus in the digestive tract.

Cells that produce pepsinogen, a precursor to pepsin in stomach juice.

Ring-shaped muscles that separate regions of the digestive tract.

Phase when food enters the intestine and gastric secretion decreases.

The part of a hollow organ farthest from its opening.

First part of the small intestine.

Animals like cows that digest food in multiple stomach chambers.