Nutrition Metrics and Macronutrients
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Nutrition Metrics and Macronutrients

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@DignifiedRadon

Questions and Answers

What is the metric prefix that represents one thousandth of a unit?

milli-

How many centimeters are in an inch?

approximately 2.54

What is the approximate weight in grams of one ounce?

28

How many grams are in a kilogram?

<p>1000</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a person weighs 150 pounds, what is their approximate weight in kilograms?

<p>68 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the metric prefix that represents one hundredth of a unit?

<p>centi-</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many liters are in a kilogram?

<p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a recipe calls for 250 milliliters of a ingredient, how many liters is that?

<p>0.25</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight of each piece of raisin if a small raisin weighing 1 gram is cut into 1000 equal pieces?

<p>1 milligram (mg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement used to express the amount of energy in food?

<p>kilocalories or Calories</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much energy does a gram of carbohydrate and a gram of protein each supply?

<p>about 4 kcal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the nutrients that the body needs in relatively large amounts?

<p>macronutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the nutrients that the body needs in very small amounts?

<p>micronutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is water not classified as a macronutrient?

<p>because it provides no energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of food composition tables and nutrient analysis software?

<p>to obtain approximate values for each nutrient measured and estimate nutrient intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a serving of food contains 10 g of carbohydrate, 2 g of protein, and 5 g of fat, how many kcal does it provide?

<p>64 kcal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a normal blood glucose level for a healthy fasting person?

<p>90 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement used to express the amount of a substance in the blood?

<p>milligrams or micrograms per deciliter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Metric System Basics

  • The metric system is used to report length (meter), weight (gram), and volume (liter) in science.
  • Common metric prefixes include:
    • kilo- (k) = one thousand (1000)
    • deci- (d) = one-tenth (0.1)
    • centi- (c) = one-hundredth (0.01)
    • milli- (m) = one-thousandth (0.001)
    • micro- (μ or mc) = one-millionth (0.000001)

Converting Units

  • To convert inches to centimeters, multiply by 2.54.
  • To convert ounces to grams, multiply by 28.
  • To convert pounds to kilograms, divide by 2.2.

Understanding Calories

  • A calorie is the heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1° Celsius.
  • A kilocalorie (kcal) or Calorie is the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 g of water 1° Celsius.
  • A gram of carbohydrate supplies about 4 kcal, a gram of protein supplies about 4 kcal, and a gram of fat supplies about 9 kcal.

Estimating Energy Content

  • To estimate the energy content of a food, multiply the weight of each macronutrient (carbohydrate, protein, and fat) by its caloric value.
  • For example, a serving of food with 15 g of carbohydrate, 3 g of protein, and 7 g of fat would provide approximately 135 kcal.

Macronutrients and Micronutrients

  • Macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) supply energy for cells and are needed in large amounts (grams) daily.
  • Micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) do not supply energy and are needed in small amounts (milligrams or micrograms) daily.
  • Food composition tables and nutrient analysis software provide approximate values for each nutrient measured.

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Description

Learn to identify basic units of the metric system used in nutrition, estimate energy in a serving of food, and classify nutrients based on their composition and functions.

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