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Questions and Answers
What is the mode of nutrition in which plants produce their own food?
Which of the following is a micronutrient required by plants?
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
What is the function of xylem in plants?
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Which of the following is an example of a nutrient deficiency in plants?
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What is the role of mycorrhizal fungi in plants?
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Which of the following is a macronutrient required by plants?
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Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?
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Study Notes
Nutrition in Plants
Modes of Nutrition
- Autotrophic nutrition: Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis
- Heterotrophic nutrition: Plants obtain food from external sources (e.g., parasites, insectivorous plants)
Nutrients Required
- Macronutrients:
- Carbon (C)
- Hydrogen (H)
- Oxygen (O)
- Nitrogen (N)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Potassium (K)
- Micronutrients:
- Iron (Fe)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Copper (Cu)
- Manganese (Mn)
- Boron (B)
- Molybdenum (Mo)
Photosynthesis
- Process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
- Equation: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
- Occurs in chloroplasts, organelles found in plant cells
Nutrient Uptake
- Roots absorb nutrients and water from soil
- Xylem transports water and minerals from roots to leaves
- Phloem transports sugars and other organic compounds produced by photosynthesis
Soil Nutrients
- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms
- Mycorrhizal fungi aid in nutrient uptake by forming symbiotic relationships with plant roots
Nutrient Deficiencies
- Can cause a range of symptoms, including stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and reduced yields
- Examples of deficiencies:
- Nitrogen deficiency: yellowing leaves, stunted growth
- Iron deficiency: chlorosis (yellowing of leaves), reduced growth
Nutrition in Plants
Modes of Nutrition
- Plants can produce their own food through autotrophic nutrition, specifically via photosynthesis
- Heterotrophic plants, on the other hand, obtain food from external sources, such as parasites or insectivorous plants
Essential Nutrients
- Macronutrients required for plant growth include:
- Carbon, the basis of organic compounds
- Hydrogen, essential for water and organic compounds
- Oxygen, necessary for energy production
- Nitrogen, crucial for amino acids and proteins
- Phosphorus, essential for energy production and DNA
- Potassium, necessary for water balance and energy production
- Micronutrients, though required in smaller amounts, are still vital for plant growth and include:
- Iron, essential for energy production and chlorophyll
- Zinc, necessary for protein synthesis and growth regulation
- Copper, crucial for enzyme function and plant defense
- Manganese, necessary for enzyme function and photosynthesis
- Boron, essential for cell wall formation and sugar metabolism
- Molybdenum, necessary for nitrogen fixation and protein synthesis
Photosynthesis
- The process of photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen
- The equation for photosynthesis is: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
- This process occurs in chloroplasts, organelles found in plant cells, and is essential for plant growth and energy production
Nutrient Uptake and Transport
- Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil
- The xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
- The phloem transports sugars and other organic compounds produced by photosynthesis throughout the plant
Soil Nutrients
- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobia, convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants
- Mycorrhizal fungi form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, aiding in nutrient uptake
Nutrient Deficiencies
- Nutrient deficiencies can cause a range of symptoms, including stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and reduced yields
- Examples of deficiencies include:
- Nitrogen deficiency, characterized by yellowing leaves and stunted growth
- Iron deficiency, marked by chlorosis (yellowing of leaves) and reduced growth
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Description
Learn about the different modes of nutrition in plants, including autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition, and the essential macronutrients and micronutrients required for plant growth.
