Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the purpose of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?
If sufficient scientific evidence is unavailable to calculate an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and subsequently a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for a nutrient, which reference value is used instead?
If sufficient scientific evidence is unavailable to calculate an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and subsequently a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for a nutrient, which reference value is used instead?
What is the primary function of the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)?
What is the primary function of the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)?
The RDA, Recommended Dietary Allowance, is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of what percentage of healthy individuals in a particular life-stage and gender group?
The RDA, Recommended Dietary Allowance, is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of what percentage of healthy individuals in a particular life-stage and gender group?
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Which DRI is used to estimate the nutrient needs of half of the individuals in a specific age and gender group?
Which DRI is used to estimate the nutrient needs of half of the individuals in a specific age and gender group?
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Which of the following is true regarding the use of 'free' on food labels?
Which of the following is true regarding the use of 'free' on food labels?
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If a food product is labeled as 'low cholesterol,' what conditions must it meet?
If a food product is labeled as 'low cholesterol,' what conditions must it meet?
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What is the primary difference between 'lean' and 'extra lean' when used to describe meat products?
What is the primary difference between 'lean' and 'extra lean' when used to describe meat products?
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If a food is labeled as a 'good source of' a nutrient, what percentage of the Daily Value (DV) does it contain per serving?
If a food is labeled as a 'good source of' a nutrient, what percentage of the Daily Value (DV) does it contain per serving?
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A food product is labeled as an 'excellent source of calcium.' What percentage of the Daily Value for calcium does this food contain?
A food product is labeled as an 'excellent source of calcium.' What percentage of the Daily Value for calcium does this food contain?
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What does the term 'reduced' on a food label signify?
What does the term 'reduced' on a food label signify?
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Under what circumstances can the term 'light' be used on a food label beyond indicating a reduction in nutrients?
Under what circumstances can the term 'light' be used on a food label beyond indicating a reduction in nutrients?
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If a product is labelled 'lightly salted', by what percentage has the sodium been reduced?
If a product is labelled 'lightly salted', by what percentage has the sodium been reduced?
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According to Canada's Food Guide 2019, what proportion of your plate should be made up of vegetables and fruits?
According to Canada's Food Guide 2019, what proportion of your plate should be made up of vegetables and fruits?
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Which of the following is NOT a required element on food labels in Canada?
Which of the following is NOT a required element on food labels in Canada?
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What primary purpose does the Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) serve within the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?
What primary purpose does the Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) serve within the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)?
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According to the new Daily Values on Canadian food labels based on a 2,000 kcal diet, what is the Daily Value for dietary fibre?
According to the new Daily Values on Canadian food labels based on a 2,000 kcal diet, what is the Daily Value for dietary fibre?
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What is the main focus when using the Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake (CDRR) methodology?
What is the main focus when using the Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake (CDRR) methodology?
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What is the significance of listing ingredients in descending order by weight on a food label?
What is the significance of listing ingredients in descending order by weight on a food label?
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Which of the following claims is permitted on food labels in Canada?
Which of the following claims is permitted on food labels in Canada?
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Which of the following best describes the primary role of Canada's Food Guide 2019?
Which of the following best describes the primary role of Canada's Food Guide 2019?
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What does a 'free' descriptor on a food label indicate?
What does a 'free' descriptor on a food label indicate?
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According to Canada's Dietary Guidelines, what is the recommendation regarding foods that contain excess sodium, free sugars, or saturated fat?
According to Canada's Dietary Guidelines, what is the recommendation regarding foods that contain excess sodium, free sugars, or saturated fat?
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According to the new Daily Values on Canadian food labels, what is the Daily Value for total sugars based on a 2,000 kcal diet?
According to the new Daily Values on Canadian food labels, what is the Daily Value for total sugars based on a 2,000 kcal diet?
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According to Canada's Dietary Guidelines, what should form the foundation for healthy eating?
According to Canada's Dietary Guidelines, what should form the foundation for healthy eating?
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What is the recommendation from Canada's Dietary Guidelines regarding the type of fat that should be predominant in the diet?
What is the recommendation from Canada's Dietary Guidelines regarding the type of fat that should be predominant in the diet?
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Why does the Nutrition Facts Table include the % Daily Value (% DV) for nutrients?
Why does the Nutrition Facts Table include the % Daily Value (% DV) for nutrients?
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In the context of Canada's Dietary Guidelines, what role do food skills play?
In the context of Canada's Dietary Guidelines, what role do food skills play?
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What does a % Daily Value of 5% or less generally indicate on a food label?
What does a % Daily Value of 5% or less generally indicate on a food label?
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Which of the following best describes the recommendation for protein foods in Canada's Food Guide 2019?
Which of the following best describes the recommendation for protein foods in Canada's Food Guide 2019?
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Flashcards
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
A calculation of kcal intake needed to maintain energy balance.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
A range for healthy intake of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake (CDRR)
Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake (CDRR)
A proposed DRI focused on reducing disease risk through nutrient intake.
Canada's Dietary Guidelines
Canada's Dietary Guidelines
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Guideline 1: Nutritious foods
Guideline 1: Nutritious foods
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Guideline 2: Unsaturated vs Saturated fats
Guideline 2: Unsaturated vs Saturated fats
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Guideline 3: Processed Foods
Guideline 3: Processed Foods
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Food Skills
Food Skills
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Canada’s Food Guide Key Message
Canada’s Food Guide Key Message
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Plate Layout
Plate Layout
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Choosing Protein
Choosing Protein
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Healthy Fats
Healthy Fats
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% Daily Value
% Daily Value
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Old vs New Daily Values
Old vs New Daily Values
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Food Label Requirements
Food Label Requirements
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Nutrition Facts Table
Nutrition Facts Table
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Ingredient List
Ingredient List
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Food Labelling Regulation
Food Labelling Regulation
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Canadian Dietary Guidelines
Canadian Dietary Guidelines
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Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
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Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
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Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
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Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
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Sugar Free
Sugar Free
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Fat Free
Fat Free
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Low Fat
Low Fat
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Lean
Lean
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Extra Lean
Extra Lean
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Good Source of
Good Source of
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Excellent Source of
Excellent Source of
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Reduced
Reduced
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Study Notes
Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition
- Nutrition recommendations describe a way of eating, emphasizing food types and amounts rather than individual nutrients.
- Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are reference values for energy, nutrients, and food components, used for healthy people's diet planning and assessment in the US & Canada.
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
- DRIs are used to plan and evaluate diets.
- DRIs vary by life stage and gender.
- DRIs replaced Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs).
- DRIs are developed for energy (carbohydrate, protein, and fat), water-soluble vitamins (B's and C), fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K), minerals (iron, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, fluoride, selenium, zinc, copper, sodium, and potassium), and water.
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) Values
- DRIs for macro- and micronutrients are listed in four sets:
- Estimated Average Requirement (EAR): Estimated amount of a nutrient needed to meet the requirements of a particular life-stage and gender group; estimates amounts for approximately 50% of people within a group.
- Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA): Average daily dietary intake level; estimated to meet the needs of nearly all people in a particular life-stage and gender group. It is calculated by adding a safety factor (two standard deviations) to the EAR.
- Adequate Intake (AI): Estimated amount of a nutrient; used when the EAR isn't available. This amount might not demonstrably cause adverse effects, but the amount hasn't been thoroughly tested in scientific publications.
- Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL): Maximum daily intake of a nutrient; estimated to not cause adverse health effects.
Dietary Reference Intakes: Energy Recommendations
- DRIs recommend two types of energy intake:
- Estimated Energy Requirement (EER): Used to calculate kcal intake for maintaining a healthy diet.
- Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR): Recommended range for healthy intake of carbohydrates, protein, and fat.
Canada's Dietary Guidelines
- Canada's dietary guidelines in the 2019 Food Guide show how to obtain nutrients for good health.
- Processed or prepared foods high in sodium, free sugars, or saturated fats should be limited.
- The Food Guide recommends eating plenty of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and protein foods.
- Foods high in unsaturated fats should replace foods high in saturated fats.
- Water is the beverage of choice.
Canada's Dietary Guidelines: Guideline 2
- Processed or prepared foods and beverages with excess sodium, free sugars, or saturated fat should be consumed sparingly.
- Alcohol consumption carries health risks.
Canada's Dietary Guidelines: Guideline 3
- Food skills, cooking, and food preparation are needed to support healthy eating practices.
- Food labels are a tool for informed food choices.
Canada's Food Guide 2019 Key Message
- Eat a variety of healthy foods each day.
- Have plenty of vegetables and fruits.
- Eat protein foods.
- Choose whole grain foods.
- Choose water as the drink of choice.
- On a plate, vegetables and fruits should make up a majority, while protein and whole grains should make up approximately equal proportions.
Canada's Food Guide 2019: Food Choices
- Choose foods with healthy fats instead of saturated fat. Eat these less often in smaller quantities.
- Prepare meals and snacks with no added sodium, sugars, or saturated fats.
- Choose healthier options when eating out.
- Make water the drink of choice.
- Be aware that food marketing can influence choices.
Mediterranean Diet Pyramid Summary
- A Pyramid showing food groups for a Mediterranean diet.
- Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, grains, olive oil, beans, nuts, legumes, seeds, fish, poultry, cheese/yogurt, and moderation of meats and sweets.
New Food Labels
- Macronutrients-upper limit values are now based on a 2,000 kcal diet.
- Daily Values (DV) for sugar is now included as a listed measure.
- DV for vitamins and minerals is now listed as the highest RDA or AI in the context of age and sex categories excluding pregnancy and lactation.
- Daily Values given as percentages to reflect nutrient intake proportion within the context of a 2,000 kcal diet.
Food Labels: Daily Values
- Specific metrics associated with old and new daily values (based on a 2,000 kcal diet).
Food Labels: Additional Claims
- Three additional claims on food packaging are possible: nutrient content, disease-risk reduction, and/or nutrient function.
- Food products will list any regulations imposed by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
Assessing Nutritional Health
- Nutritional status is a state of health affected by nutrient intake and utilization.
- Nutritional assessments involve an evaluation for determining nutrient levels and designing healthcare or community programs to address needs.
- Methods used for evaluating intake are to recall 24 hours worth of intake, food diary or intake records, and food frequency questionnaires. A combination of methods is ideal to reach an accurate conclusion.
Stages of Nutrient Deficiency
- Inadequate intake leads to decreased nutrient stores and altered functions; this manifests as physical signs and symptoms.
- Assessments include dietary intake evaluations, medical histories, physical examinations, and laboratory tests such as blood, urine, and tissue levels. Anthropometric measurements like weight and body composition are also helpful.
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Description
This quiz covers nutrition recommendations emphasizing the importance of food types and amounts. It delves into Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), explaining how they are used for planning and evaluating healthy diets across various life stages and gender. Test your knowledge on macro- and micronutrient requirements and their implications for diet planning.