Nutrition Chapter 8 Flashcards

Available usable power, whether it is in chemical, mechanical, electrical, or other form.

Derived from stored chemical energy in the foods we eat for the purpose to power our bodies and produce heat.

Relationship between energy intake and energy used by the body.

<p>Energy used by the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurement of chemical form of energy in foods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A device called a bomb calorimeter measures the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1,000 grams of water by 1 degree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amount of energy needed to move 1 kg with an acceleration of 1 meter per second.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, fat, and alcohol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alcohol - 7 kcal/gm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy in the form of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refers to the energy required for the vital functions of the body at complete rest, also called basal metabolic rate (BMR).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When BMR is expressed as kilocalories expended over a 24 hour period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Varies depending on body size and fat-free body mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brain, heart, liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Declines 1% - 2% per decade of adulthood, with greater decline in the 5th decade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbohydrate 4 kcal/gm, Protein 4 kcal/gm, Fat 9 kcal/gm, Alcohol 7 kcal/gm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infants/children have higher loss of body temperature because of higher body surface area-to-weight ratio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased energy expenditure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased energy expenditure as the body responds to this condition with increased heart rate and increased respiration rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased energy expenditure by 7% for every 1 degree Fahrenheit above normal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermic effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein (20% to 30%).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones. It reassembles nutrients into compounds for storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slows metabolism leading to sluggishness and weight gain, called hypothyroid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Raises metabolism leading to hyperactivity and weight loss, called hyperthyroid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy required for vital functions in the body at rest, and the caloric cost of staying alive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expression of basal metabolism as kilocalories over 24 hours, different from resting energy expenditure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein 20% - 30%, Alcohol 13%, Carbs 5% - 10%, Fats 5%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activity that involves some muscle contraction and encompasses daily activities outside of structured exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers