Nutrition Chapter 36 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following dairy servings is equal to 1 cup of milk? (Select all that apply)

2 ounces of processed cheese

1 cup of yogurt (correct)

C and D (correct)

None of the above

What is a protein equivalent to 1 ounce of meat or poultry?

1/4 cup of cooked beans

Foods that are considered complete proteins include: (Select all that apply)

Meat, fish, and poultry

Dairy products

Quinoa seeds and chia seeds

Eggs

All of the above (correct)

What is true regarding protein? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding proteins and amino acids? (Select all that apply)

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This process of breaking down molecules releases energy.

Catabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the process the body uses to obtain or make energy from the food eaten?

Metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What unit measures how much energy is in a particular food?

Calorie Signup and view all the answers

What statement is incorrect regarding glycogen?

Glycogen works on the liver to release the stored glucagon. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods would be a smart carbohydrate choice?

Low-fat milk Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a nutrient-rich carbohydrate?

Honey Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a complex carbohydrate?

Nuts and seeds Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not contain a significant source of fiber?

Yogurt Signup and view all the answers

What statement is incorrect regarding fiber?

Soluble fiber is found in nuts, prunes, and popcorn. Signup and view all the answers

What is incorrect regarding the glycemic index (GI)?

High GI foods produce a smaller change in blood glucose level. Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient has 9 kcal/g?

Fat Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding fat? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Triglycerides (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contains saturated fats?

Butter, cheese, and whole milk Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is correct regarding trans fatty acids?

Trans fatty acids increase LDL levels. Signup and view all the answers

Cholesterol is: (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Minerals found in body fluids are called?

Electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding minerals? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which is not an antioxidant?

Vitamin K Signup and view all the answers

Which is not fat-soluble?

Vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

Vitamin C can be found in: (Select all that apply)

B and D Signup and view all the answers

Vitamin D can be found in: (Select all that apply)

A and D Signup and view all the answers

A deficiency in Vitamin A causes?

Night blindness Signup and view all the answers

A deficiency in Vitamin K causes?

Bleeding Signup and view all the answers

A deficiency in Vitamin C causes?

Scurvy Signup and view all the answers

Water: (Select all that apply)

B and C Signup and view all the answers

Water needs increase: (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Dietary supplements: (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

MyPlate dietary guidelines include: (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What foods would not be found on a clear liquid diet?

Juice with pulp Signup and view all the answers

What food would not be found on a full liquid diet?

Chicken noodle soup Signup and view all the answers

A soft diet is used for: (Select all that apply)

B and C Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding weight control diets? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What condition requires monitoring carbohydrate intake?

Diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What condition requires monitoring calorie intake and portion sizes?

Weight control Signup and view all the answers

What condition would require the use of the Glycemic index, the 'Create Your Plate' method, or carb counting?

Diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What condition would require the use of a low sodium diet?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

John has hypertension, what foods should he limit? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

DASH is used for what condition?

Cardiovascular disease Signup and view all the answers

Sam is on a low protein diet for liver disease. What foods should he limit?

Meat and fish Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding food allergies? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

A gluten-free diet is used for what condition?

Celiac disease Signup and view all the answers

What foods would not be found on a gluten-free diet? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding lactose sensitivity? (Select all that apply)

A and B Signup and view all the answers

For patients undergoing cancer treatments, what is encouraged? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What changes might a person have who is undergoing cancer treatment? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

This condition is a psychiatric eating disorder that causes people to lose more weight than what is healthy.

Anorexia nervosa Signup and view all the answers

This condition causes overeating that leads to self-disgust and may involve vomiting, laxative use, and excessive exercise.

Bulimia nervosa Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dairy Servings

1 cup of milk is equivalent to 2 ounces of processed cheese or 1 cup of yogurt.

Protein Equivalents

1 ounce of meat or poultry is equivalent to 1/4 cup of cooked beans.

Complete Proteins

Complete proteins include meat, fish, poultry, dairy, quinoa, chia seeds, and eggs.

Role of Proteins

Proteins break down into amino acids and are crucial for tissue growth, repair, and energy production in the absence of carbohydrates.

Amino Acids

Essential amino acids are not produced by the body, while conditional amino acids are essential during illness. Nonessential amino acids are synthesized by the body, and complete proteins contain all essential amino acids.

Metabolism Terms

Catabolism refers to the breakdown of molecules into smaller units with energy release.
Metabolism encompasses all processes for converting food into energy.

Energy Measurement

Caloric content measures how much energy food provides, with fat providing 9 kcal/g.

Carbohydrates

Smart carbohydrate choices include low-fat milk, while honey is not a nutrient-rich carbohydrate. Nuts and seeds are classified as non-complex carbohydrates.

Dietary Fiber

Yogurt does not provide significant fiber, and soluble fiber is incorrectly stated to be found in nuts, prunes, and popcorn.

Glycemic Index (GI)

High GI foods produce variable changes in blood glucose levels and can aid in weight loss efforts.

Dietary Fats

Different types of fats include saturated (found in butter, cheese, and whole milk) and trans fatty acids, which raise LDL cholesterol levels.

Cholesterol Facts

Cholesterol is found in animal products, produced by the liver, and essential for cell membrane structure and hormone synthesis.

Minerals and Their Roles

Essential minerals include calcium for teeth and bones, potassium and sodium for muscle and nerve function, iron for metabolism, and iodine for thyroid function.

Vitamins Overview

Vitamin K is not an antioxidant, while Vitamin C (found in citrus and green vegetables) and Vitamin D (found in fatty fish and fortified milk) are essential vitamins.
Deficiencies in Vitamins A, K, and C lead to night blindness, bleeding, and scurvy, respectively.

Importance of Water

Water maintains body temperature, lubricates joints, and needs increase in hot weather, during activity, and in illness.

Dietary Supplements

Include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbs to address nutrient deficiencies.

MyPlate Guidelines

Recommendations include filling half the plate with fruits and vegetables, choosing whole grains, and limiting saturated fats and added sugars.

Diets and Health Conditions

Clear liquid diets exclude juice with pulp, while full liquid diets exclude chunky soups.
Soft diets address chewing and swallowing difficulties.

Weight Control

A daily reduction of 500-1000 calories leads to a weight loss of 1-2 pounds per week.
Monitoring carbohydrates is crucial for managing diabetes, while calorie intake is vital for weight control.

Dietary Considerations

A low sodium diet is necessary for conditions like hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Foods high in sodium, such as bacon and frozen meals, should be limited for individuals with hypertension.

Dietary Approaches

DASH diet is specifically aimed at reducing cardiovascular risks.
Low protein diets are recommended for liver disease management.

Food Allergies

Common allergens include milk, eggs, and nuts; they can trigger severe reactions like anaphylaxis. An elimination diet may be necessary.

Celiac Disease

A gluten-free diet is required for managing celiac disease, excluding foods such as whole-wheat bread and barley.

Lactose Sensitivity

Treatment focuses on avoiding dairy products or using enzyme replacements.

Cancer Treatment Nutrition

Patients are encouraged to maintain a soft, bland diet, consume high-protein and calorie-dense meals, drink liquids between meals, and limit irritants like caffeine and alcohol.

Impact of Cancer Treatment

Side effects can include mouth sores, changes in taste, dry mouth, and nausea, complicating dietary intake.

Eating Disorders

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by extreme weight loss due to restrictive eating, while bulimia nervosa involves episodes of overeating followed by purging behaviors.

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Description

Test your knowledge on dairy servings and protein equivalents with these flashcards from Chapter 36. Explore concepts like complete proteins and their sources, improving your understanding of nutrition essentials.