Questions and Answers
Which of the following foods are sources of Thiamin?
Which vitamin's deficiency is associated with beriberi?
What are the symptoms of Pellagra?
Which of the following nutrients is synthesized in the body from tryptophan?
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Which vitamin deficiency is rare but can lead to symptoms such as skin rash and hair loss?
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What is the primary food source for Vitamin B-12?
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Which condition is characterized by small, pale red blood cells due to vitamin B-6 deficiency?
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Biotin deficiency can occur in infants due to a genetic defect that affects the enzyme ______.
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Match the vitamin with its deficiency symptoms:
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Study Notes
Food Sources of Water Soluble Vitamins
- Thiamin: Found in pork, sunflower seeds, and legumes.
- Riboflavin: Present in milk, enriched grains, eggs, and meat.
- Niacin: Sourced from poultry, meat, and fish; can also be synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan.
- Biotin: Available in whole grains, eggs, nuts, and legumes; abundant in the general food supply.
- Vitamin B-6: Comes from meat, fish, poultry, fortified cereals, and potatoes.
- Folate: Found in legumes, leafy green vegetables, avocados, and oranges.
- Vitamin B-12: Primarily sourced from animal products such as meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, and dairy; especially rich in organ meats and fortified foods.
- Vitamin C: Rich sources include citrus fruits, peppers, and green vegetables; major contributors in North American diets are oranges, grapefruit, tomatoes, and fortified drinks.
Conditions/Symptoms Related to Water Soluble Vitamin Deficiencies
- Thiamin: Deficiency leads to beriberi, historically prevalent in diets high in white rice. Affected demographics include impoverished populations, alcohol abusers, and the elderly.
- Riboflavin: Deficiency results in ariboflavinosis, causing symptoms like sore throat, mouth inflammation, angular cheilitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Symptoms may overlap with other B-vitamin deficiencies due to shared metabolic pathways.
Continued Conditions/Symptoms
- Niacin: Pellagra manifests as the "3 Ds": dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia; if untreated, it can be fatal. Previously a public health concern, now largely resolved via dietary enrichment.
- Biotin: Deficiencies are rare, usually due to genetic defects affecting enzyme function. Symptoms include skin rash, hair loss, convulsions, low muscle tone, and impaired growth. Avidin, a protein in raw eggs, can inhibit biotin absorption; cooking destroys avidin.
Further Conditions/Symptoms
- Vitamin B-6: Deficiency may cause microcytic hypochromic anemia characterized by small, pale red blood cells with reduced hemoglobin. Common in high-risk groups such as the elderly, smokers, and those with poor diets. Symptoms also include seborrheic dermatitis, convulsions, and confusion.
- Folate: Deficiency mainly affects rapidly dividing cells such as red blood cells, leading to larger precursor cells due to inadequate DNA synthesis. Increased RNA formation occurs without proper cellular division.
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Description
This quiz focuses on food sources of water-soluble vitamins, including Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Biotin, Vitamin B-6, and Folate. Test your knowledge on where to find these essential nutrients and their dietary importance. Perfect for students studying nutrition or preparing for exams.
