46 Questions
What are carbohydrates also known as?
Saccharides
Which sugar is the body’s preferred source of energy?
Glucose
Where is lactose naturally found?
Dairy products
What is the common name for sucrose?
Table sugar
When glucose is stored in the liver and muscles, it is referred to as what?
Glycogen
Which of the following foods is likely to contain fructose?
Apple
Why might skipping breakfast make it hard to concentrate in class?
Low glucose levels
What happens to excess glucose after enough glycogen has been stored?
It is converted into fat
What is a primary function of fats in the human body?
Provide source of energy, particularly for muscles
Which type of fat is typically solid at room temperature?
Saturated fats
Which process creates unsaturated fats and makes saturated fats solid?
Hydrogenation
What kind of health issues are associated with excess consumption of saturated fats?
High cholesterol and cardiovascular disease
In what year were food companies required to remove artificial trans fats from their products?
2018
Which food is likely to contain natural trans fats?
Beef products
Which vitamin helps to boost immune function, support reproduction, and maintain the health of the retina?
Vitamin A
Which vitamin is known as a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from damage caused by oxygen?
Vitamin E
Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption, strong teeth, and bones?
Vitamin D
Leafy greens and nuts are good sources of which vitamin that helps with blood clotting?
Vitamin K
Which vitamin is necessary for the maintenance of healthy skin, nerve function, and muscle function?
Vitamin B
What is the primary function of Vitamin C in the body?
Changing carbohydrates into energy
Which vitamin is primarily found in beef and chicken liver, potatoes, sunflower seeds, and yogurt?
Vitamin B12
Which vitamin is essential for cell division and body functions?
Biotin
Which mineral is necessary for muscle, heart, and digestive system health, and also supports the synthesis and function of blood cells?
Calcium
Which mineral is primarily found in dairy products, bones, nuts, seeds, and tofu?
Calcium
A lack of which mineral can cause anemia?
Iron
Which mineral assists with energy processing and other functions, and is present in bones and cells?
Phosphorus
Which mineral is needed in quantities greater than 100 milligrams each day?
Major minerals
Which condition can result from a lack of calcium during childhood and adolescence?
Osteoporosis
Which mineral contributes to the regulation of blood sugar and immune response?
Magnesium
What is the daily requirement amount that distinguishes major minerals from trace minerals?
100 milligrams
What is one of the learning outcomes of the nutrition lesson?
Describe the purpose of fats.
What are two types of carbohydrates mentioned in the warm-up activity?
Complex and Simple Carbohydrates
Why is having a healthy eating plan important?
It helps make food choices that benefit health.
Which nutrient is NOT mentioned in the warm-up activity match-ups?
Fiber
What is one specific topic students should be able to analyze after studying the lesson?
How to get the protein the body needs
What is the purpose of filling out the bracket in the warm-up activity?
To compare and understand the importance of different nutrients
Which learning outcome is related to vitamins?
Formulate strategies for consuming vitamins
Which meal is cited as potentially non-nutritious in the content?
A piece of toast while racing out the door
What is one of the functions of protein in the body?
Build and maintain cells and tissues
Why do people need to consume protein every day?
Because the body doesn't store protein
What is a consequence of protein deficiency?
Weakened immune system
What differentiates essential amino acids from nonessential amino acids?
Essential amino acids are obtained through diet
Which food is a complete protein source?
Eggs
Which statement about dietary fiber is true?
It balances blood glucose levels
How does dietary fiber help prevent constipation?
By adding bulk to feces
Why might high-fiber foods help prevent overeating?
They take longer to chew and slow stomach emptying
Study Notes
Nutrition
- Nutrition is the study of how the body uses food to maintain overall health
- Having a healthy eating plan can help make food choices that benefit health
Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are the body's major source of energy
- Fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products contain carbohydrates
- There are three types of carbohydrates: sugar, starch, and dietary fiber
- Glucose is the body's preferred source of energy that powers the brain and central nervous system
- Glucose can be stored in the liver and muscles for later use (glycogen)
- Excess glucose is converted into fat and stored in fat tissue
Proteins
- Proteins are used to build and maintain cells and tissues, including muscles, bones, and skin
- Proteins provide energy and act as hormones or enzymes
- Amino acids make up proteins, and there are 20 different types
- The body produces some amino acids, but 9 essential amino acids must be obtained through diet
- Complete protein sources contain all 9 essential amino acids and include animal-based foods like meat, poultry, eggs, fish, and dairy products
Dietary Fiber
- Dietary fiber helps control blood glucose levels, adds bulk to feces, and can prevent overeating
- Fiber is found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Fats
- Fats provide energy, particularly for muscles, and aid in the absorption and transport of vitamins
- There are three types of fats: saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats
- Saturated fats are found primarily in animal-based foods and are solid at room temperature
- Unsaturated fats are found in plant-based foods and are liquid at room temperature
- Trans fats are created through hydrogenation and are often found in processed foods
Vitamins
- Vitamins are organic substances necessary for normal growth and development
- Vitamins help regulate body processes, release energy from foods, and manufacture proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
- There are two categories of vitamins: fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and water-soluble (C, B, and others)
- Fat-soluble vitamins are found in dairy products, eggs, and fortified cereals
- Water-soluble vitamins are found in a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, lean meats, and whole grains
Minerals
- Minerals are inorganic elements absorbed by plants from soil and water
- Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and chloride
- Calcium is necessary for muscle, heart, and digestive system health
- Phosphorus is present in bones and cells and assists with energy processing
- Magnesium contributes to bone health and regulates body processes
- Minerals are essential for growth and development, and a lack of certain minerals can lead to negative health consequences
Understand the fundamentals of nutrition, including the role of carbohydrates, protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals in the body. Learn how to make informed choices about your diet.
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