Nutrition and Digestion in Organisms

Organisms that make their own food using light energy through photosynthesis.

Organisms that produce food using chemical energy, often by oxidizing inorganic substances.

Organisms that consume complex organic food materials and break them down for energy.

A mode of nutrition where organisms use light energy to create their own food.

A mode of nutrition where organisms use chemical energy to create their own food.

Organisms get food from decaying organic matter (dead plants and animals). They release enzymes to break down the complex food outside their body and absorb the simpler nutrients.

An organism (parasite) obtains its food from another living organism (host). The parasite may harm or weaken the host.

Animals get their food from other animals.

Animals get their food from plants.

Animals get their food from both plants and animals.

The process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food (glucose) and release oxygen.

Tiny pores on the surface of leaves that allow for the exchange of gases and water evaporation.

The loss of water vapor from the surface of leaves through stomata.

The first stage of photosynthesis where light energy is captured and converted into chemical energy.

The second stage of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is converted into carbohydrates.

A large, J-shaped organ responsible for breaking down food.

The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules using enzymes.

The process of physically breaking down food using muscle contractions.

A fluid secreted by the stomach containing enzymes like pepsin and hydrochloric acid (HCl), which helps digest food.

A large, reddish-brown gland that produces bile, a substance that helps digest fats.

During the night, desert plants open their stomata, take in CO₂ from the atmosphere, and use water from their roots to create an intermediate product called malic acid.

During the day, desert plants close their stomata to conserve water, absorb sunlight, and use the stored malic acid to produce glucose.

The process of taking food into the body.

The breakdown of complex food molecules into simpler, absorbable components.

The process by which digested nutrients pass from the digestive system into the bloodstream.

The continuous tube starting at the mouth & ending at the anus, responsible for digesting & absorbing food.

Breakdown of food into smaller particles by chewing with teeth.

The chemical breakdown of food using enzymes

Muscle contractions that push food down the esophagus.

Enzymes in saliva that break down starch into simpler sugars.

The first part of the small intestine, where food from the stomach enters.

Finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine for absorption.

This enzyme helps break down proteins into smaller units.

This process occurs in the small intestine, where nutrients from digested food are absorbed into the bloodstream.

The small intestine is responsible for the final breakdown of food into smaller, absorbable units.