16 Questions
What percentage of your diet should carbohydrates constitute?
50-60%
Name two sources of healthy carbohydrates mentioned in the text.
Whole grains and legumes
What percentage of your diet should protein constitute?
10-12%
Name two sources of healthy fats mentioned in the text.
Avocados and extra virgin olive oil
What are the five key domains of Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)?
health care and quality, neighborhood and built environment, social and community context, economic stability, education access and quality
Define wellness based on the given text.
Wellness is the act of practicing healthy habits on a daily basis to attain better physical and mental health outcomes, so that instead of just surviving, you’re thriving.
What are some components of social wellness mentioned in the text?
caring and healthy relationships, social network, level of safety, housing situation, level of interdependence, positive interactions with community, acceptance of diversity
What is the impact of Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) on health outcomes?
They affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.
What is the disease unique to children and adolescents caused by a failure of osteoid to calcify?
Rickets
Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness, xerophthalmia, rupture of cornea, and scale formation on the skin?
Vitamin A (Retinol)
What disorder is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)?
Scurvy
What is the severe form of malnutrition, specifically protein-energy undernutrition?
Marasmus
What are the causes of marasmus?
Poverty, food scarcity, wasting diseases such as AIDS, infections that cause chronic diarrhea, anorexia, inadequate breastfeeding or early weaning of infants, child abuse/neglect, dementia, elder abuse/neglect.
What are the signs and symptoms of marasmus?
Visible wasting of fat and muscle, prominent skeleton, large head for the body, old and wizened appearance of the face, dry and loose skin, dry, brittle hair or hair loss, sunken fontanelles in infants, lethargy, apathy, weakness, weight loss of more than 40%, BMI below 16.
What are some further complications of marasmus?
Dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, low blood pressure, slow heart rate, low body temperature, gastrointestinal malabsorption, stunted growth, developmental delays, anemia, osteomalacia or rickets.
What are the suggested methods for prevention of marasmus?
Fighting poverty, eliminating food deserts, improving nutritional education, controlling widespread infectious diseases, improving sanitation in developing countries, improving elder care in developed countries.
Study Notes
Nutrition and Health
- Carbohydrates should constitute 45-65% of daily diet.
- Healthy sources of carbohydrates include whole grains and fruits.
- Protein should constitute 15-20% of daily diet.
- Healthy sources of fats include nuts and seeds.
Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
- The five key domains of SDOH are: economic stability, education, social and community context, healthcare access, and neighborhood and environment.
- Wellness is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
- Components of social wellness include social connections, community involvement, and social support.
- SDOH have a significant impact on health outcomes, influencing health risks and opportunities.
Nutrient Deficiencies and Diseases
- Rickets is a disease unique to children and adolescents caused by a failure of osteoid to calcify.
- Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness, xerophthalmia, rupture of cornea, and scale formation on the skin.
- Scurvy is a disorder caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid).
- Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition, specifically protein-energy undernutrition.
- Marasmus is caused by a lack of nutrients, particularly protein and calories, in the diet.
- Signs and symptoms of marasmus include weight loss, muscle wasting, and stunted growth.
- Complications of marasmus include increased risk of infections, digestive problems, and impaired cognitive function.
- Prevention of marasmus can be achieved through exclusive breastfeeding, adequate nutrition, and proper hygiene practices.
Test your knowledge about nutrition and deficiency diseases with this quiz. Learn about the causes and effects of undernutrition of minerals, such as calcium and vitamin D, as well as deficiency diseases like rickets and osteomalacia.
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