Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a component of a balanced diet?
Which of the following is NOT a component of a balanced diet?
- Choosing unsaturated oils and spreads in moderation
- Consuming high amounts of sugary drinks (correct)
- Eating at least 5 portions of fruits and vegetables daily
- Eating high-fiber starchy foods like potatoes
Autotrophs can produce their own food through photosynthesis.
Autotrophs can produce their own food through photosynthesis.
True (A)
Explain the difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
Explain the difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
Autotrophs can produce their own food through photosynthesis, while heterotrophs consume other organisms for energy and nutrients.
A balanced diet should include a variety of foods in the right ______ to support overall health.
A balanced diet should include a variety of foods in the right ______ to support overall health.
Match the following food groups with their recommended intake:
Match the following food groups with their recommended intake:
One portion of fruit is equal to 3 heaped tablespoons of vegetables.
One portion of fruit is equal to 3 heaped tablespoons of vegetables.
What is the recommended daily intake of fruit juice or smoothies, and why?
What is the recommended daily intake of fruit juice or smoothies, and why?
Which of these is an example of a high-fiber starchy food?
Which of these is an example of a high-fiber starchy food?
Which diet restricts the intake of gluten?
Which diet restricts the intake of gluten?
Organic compounds are primarily made up of carbon and hydrogen.
Organic compounds are primarily made up of carbon and hydrogen.
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
The process of using water to split a molecule is called __________.
The process of using water to split a molecule is called __________.
Match the type of carbohydrate with its description:
Match the type of carbohydrate with its description:
Which of the following is NOT a special dietary requirement?
Which of the following is NOT a special dietary requirement?
Condensation reactions produce water as a byproduct.
Condensation reactions produce water as a byproduct.
Name two functions of dietary minerals.
Name two functions of dietary minerals.
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the development of eating disorders?
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the development of eating disorders?
Eating disorders are primarily about food and wanting to be thin.
Eating disorders are primarily about food and wanting to be thin.
What are the building blocks of lipids?
What are the building blocks of lipids?
What psychological disorders are mentioned as commonly associated with eating disorders?
What psychological disorders are mentioned as commonly associated with eating disorders?
Saturated fats have fewer hydrogen atoms compared to unsaturated fats.
Saturated fats have fewer hydrogen atoms compared to unsaturated fats.
What is the colour change observed when testing for starch?
What is the colour change observed when testing for starch?
Individuals with eating disorders may have abnormal levels of certain chemicals that regulate appetite, mood, sleep, and ______.
Individuals with eating disorders may have abnormal levels of certain chemicals that regulate appetite, mood, sleep, and ______.
Match the following eating disorders with their characteristics:
Match the following eating disorders with their characteristics:
Lipids are __________ in water but soluble in alcohol.
Lipids are __________ in water but soluble in alcohol.
Match the following food tests with their positive colour change:
Match the following food tests with their positive colour change:
What hormone is identified as being elevated in individuals with bulimia and anorexia?
What hormone is identified as being elevated in individuals with bulimia and anorexia?
It is possible to diagnose someone with an eating disorder based solely on their appearance.
It is possible to diagnose someone with an eating disorder based solely on their appearance.
Which test indicates the presence of protein?
Which test indicates the presence of protein?
What is a significant genetic factor observed in individuals with eating disorders?
What is a significant genetic factor observed in individuals with eating disorders?
The grease spot test is used for glucose detection.
The grease spot test is used for glucose detection.
What happens to sucrose during the heating process in the sucrose test?
What happens to sucrose during the heating process in the sucrose test?
What is the optimal temperature range for human enzymes to function?
What is the optimal temperature range for human enzymes to function?
Enzymes work efficiently at low temperatures.
Enzymes work efficiently at low temperatures.
What process is described when fat globules are broken into tiny droplets?
What process is described when fat globules are broken into tiny droplets?
Rickets – lack of ______
Rickets – lack of ______
Scurvy – lack of ______
Scurvy – lack of ______
Match the malnutrition condition with its corresponding deficiency:
Match the malnutrition condition with its corresponding deficiency:
What happens to enzymes when they are placed in a solution of a different pH from their optimum?
What happens to enzymes when they are placed in a solution of a different pH from their optimum?
Bile is an enzyme that digests fats.
Bile is an enzyme that digests fats.
What is the sticky film that contains bacteria and can lead to tooth decay?
What is the sticky film that contains bacteria and can lead to tooth decay?
Gastro-oesophageal reflux is a condition that allows food to move back up into the esophagus.
Gastro-oesophageal reflux is a condition that allows food to move back up into the esophagus.
What is the primary function of the jejunum section of the small intestine?
What is the primary function of the jejunum section of the small intestine?
The stomach mixes food with gastric juices to form ______.
The stomach mixes food with gastric juices to form ______.
Match the sections of the small intestine with their primary functions:
Match the sections of the small intestine with their primary functions:
What role do acids produced by bacteria in plaque play in tooth decay?
What role do acids produced by bacteria in plaque play in tooth decay?
The large intestine is also referred to as the bowel or colon.
The large intestine is also referred to as the bowel or colon.
What is the primary process that takes place in the oesophagus?
What is the primary process that takes place in the oesophagus?
Flashcards
Autotroph
Autotroph
Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
Heterotroph
Heterotroph
Organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming other organisms.
Balanced diet
Balanced diet
A diet that includes a variety of foods in the right proportions for health.
Five-a-day
Five-a-day
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Food portions
Food portions
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High nutrient foods
High nutrient foods
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Fluid intake
Fluid intake
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Unsaturated fats
Unsaturated fats
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Food Allergies
Food Allergies
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Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
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Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
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Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis
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Condensation
Condensation
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Monosaccharides
Monosaccharides
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Disaccharides
Disaccharides
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Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides
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Building blocks of lipids
Building blocks of lipids
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Solubility of lipids
Solubility of lipids
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Starch test
Starch test
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Glucose test
Glucose test
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Protein test
Protein test
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Lipid test (Grease spot)
Lipid test (Grease spot)
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Tooth Decay
Tooth Decay
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Plaque
Plaque
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Tartar
Tartar
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Peristalsis
Peristalsis
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Chyme
Chyme
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Villi
Villi
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Small Intestine Sections
Small Intestine Sections
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Gastro-oesophageal reflux
Gastro-oesophageal reflux
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Lock and Key Mechanism
Lock and Key Mechanism
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Enzyme Denaturation
Enzyme Denaturation
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Optimum Temperature for Enzymes
Optimum Temperature for Enzymes
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pH Sensitivity of Enzymes
pH Sensitivity of Enzymes
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Bile
Bile
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Emulsification
Emulsification
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Malnutrition
Malnutrition
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Examples of Nutritional Deficiency
Examples of Nutritional Deficiency
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Eating disorders
Eating disorders
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Causes of eating disorders
Causes of eating disorders
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Genetic predisposition
Genetic predisposition
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Biochemical factors
Biochemical factors
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Psychological factors
Psychological factors
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Coping mechanisms
Coping mechanisms
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Misconceptions about appearance
Misconceptions about appearance
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Short-term relief vs. long-term effects
Short-term relief vs. long-term effects
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Study Notes
Human Nutrition, Digestion, Malnutrition, and Traditional Foods
- This section requires the Grade 10 and Grade 11 eBooks
- Check the provided activities in the Grade 11 eBook for further details
- Understanding nutrition involves classifying it as either autotrophic or heterotrophic
Autotroph Definition
- An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food using light energy(e.g., plants)
Heterotroph Definition
- A heterotroph is an organism that obtains energy by consuming other organisms (e.g., animals)
Balanced Diets
- A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health
- According to the UK National Health Service (NHS), consuming a balanced diet requires:
- At least 5 portions of fruits and vegetables daily
- Primarily starchy foods (like potatoes, bread, rice, pasta)
- Dairy or dairy alternatives (e.g., soya milk)
- Beans, pulses, fish, eggs, meat, or other protein sources
- Unsaturated oils and spreads in moderation
- Plenty of fluids (6-8 glasses of water daily)
- Limit food and drinks high in sugar, salt, and fat
Food Portions
- A portion is a measurable amount of food
- 80g of fresh, canned, or frozen fruit or vegetables
- 30g of dried fruit (suitable for mealtimes)
- 150ml glass of juice/smoothies (limit to 1 portion per day)
- Fruit, vegetables, and fiber make up over a third of a daily diet; aim for 5 portions daily
Healthy Eating Plate
- A visual guide for healthy eating
- Categorizes food groups such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and protein
Different Diets
- Food allergies and intolerances (e.g., dairy-free, fish, nut-free, gluten-free)
- Special dietary requirements (e.g., vegetarian, vegan, pregnancy)
- Religious dietary laws (e.g., halal, kosher)
- Weight-loss trends (e.g., Atkins, Paleo, ketogenic, Banting, intermittent fasting)
Food Tests
- Methods to identify nutrients in foods
- Starch (iodine test): brown to blue/black color change indicates presence.
- Glucose (Benedict's test): blue to red/brown color change indicates presence.
- Proteins (biuret test): blue to purple/pink color change indicates presence
- Sucrose (additional test/Benedict's test): blue to red/brown color change indicates presence.
- Fats/lipids (grease spot test): grease spot on paper indicates presence
- Cellulose (Schulz's solution): brown to blue/black color change indicates presence
Digestive System
- Ingestion: taking food into the body
- Digestion (mechanical): Breaking down of food into smaller pieces for absorption (e.g. chewing)
- Digestion (chemical): Using enzymes to break down food into smaller molecules for absorption.
- Absorption: Taking nutrients into the bloodstream
- Assimilation: The integration of nutrients by the body's cells
- Elimination: Removing waste products from the body
Mouth and Teeth
- Mechanical digestion (chewing) and saliva production
- Saliva contains amylase (enzyme that breaks down starch)
- Important roles of teeth, tongue for chewing, and swallowing
- The importance of the epiglottis in preventing food from entering the trachea (windpipe).
Stomach
- Physical mixing of food and mixing with gastric juices (with enzymes and hydrochloric acid)
- Crucial for churning food
- Adaption of the stomach for churning is needed (strong muscular walls):
Small Intestine
- Key organ for enzymatic digestion and nutrient absorption
- Divided into three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
- Increased surface area for absorption (villi and microvilli)
Large Intestine
- Water absorption
- Rectum stores feces before elimination
Liver
- Bile production to emulsify fats
- Processes excess glucose to glycogen storage, protein breakdown(deamination)
- Detoxifies blood of toxins and poisons
- Plays a role in metabolism
Gallbladder
- Stores bile produced by the liver
Pancreas
- Endocrine function in regulating blood sugar (insulin and glucagon)
- Digestive function secreting enzymes for digestion
Enzymes
- Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
- Specific in function, require specific optimal temperatures and pH levels
Diabetes
- Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are different diseases with varying causes and treatments
- Type 1 diabetes involves the body not producing insulin
- Type 2 diabetes involves the presence of insulin, but the body does not efficiently use it
- Diet and lifestyle management are essential aspects of diabetes treatment as are insulin injections
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Description
Test your knowledge on nutrition, dietary components, and the differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition. This quiz covers various aspects of a balanced diet, recommended food intake, and essential nutrients for overall health.