Nutrition and Balanced Diet

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Questions and Answers

What is a consequence of a pregnant woman being malnourished?

  • The baby's development is delayed.
  • The baby's development is accelerated.
  • The baby's development is unaffected.
  • The baby's development may be affected before birth. (correct)

What is a function of vitamin A in the body?

  • It aids in the absorption of calcium.
  • It helps with cellular respiration.
  • It helps with bone growth and development.
  • It is necessary for healthy eyes, especially in dim light. (correct)

What is a source of vitamin A?

  • Tomatoes and broccoli.
  • Dairy products, meat, and whole grains.
  • Egg yolks, fish liver oils, dairy products, green vegetables, apricots, and carrots. (correct)
  • Citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons.

What is a consequence of a lack of vitamin A?

<p>Blindness in dim light due to eye damage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of vitamin C in the body?

<p>It helps cells stick together in the skin and takes part in aerobic respiration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of a lack of vitamin C?

<p>Scurvy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a source of vitamin D?

<p>Fish liver oils, egg yolks, and cream. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of a lack of vitamin D?

<p>Rickets. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of calcium in the body?

<p>It is necessary for making strong, healthy bones and teeth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of a lack of calcium?

<p>Weak and crumbly bones and teeth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Balanced Diet

  • A balanced diet consists of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils, vitamins, and minerals in the right proportions.
  • It also includes fibre and water.
  • Nutritional requirements vary from person to person and country to country.

Importance of Water

  • The human body is almost 70% water.
  • Water is lost through exhaling, sweat, urine, tears, and faeces, and needs to be replaced by drinking at least 1 litre a day.
  • The amount of water needed depends on the climate of the region.

Importance of Fibre

  • Fibre is not a nutrient, but helps move food through the digestive system and prevents constipation.
  • A high-fibre diet reduces the risk of heart disease and some cancers.
  • Beans and pulses are a good source of fibre.

Effects of Deficiencies

  • Deficiency diseases affect growth, development, and health in children, and overall health in adults.
  • A lack of vitamin A causes blindness in dim light due to eye damage.
  • Vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy, causing bleeding gums, skin peeling, leg swelling, and eventual death.
  • Vitamin D deficiency leads to rickets, causing soft and bendy bones in children, and weakened bone structure in adults.
  • Calcium deficiency causes weak and crumbly bones and teeth.

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