Nutrients and Food Processing

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What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

To provide energy quickly after consumption (correct)

To facilitate the absorption of vitamins

To build complex structures

To strengthen the cell membrane

What is the process by which the body breaks down complex carbohydrates into simple ones?

Synthesis

Respiration

Absorption

Digestion (correct)

What is the purpose of cellulose in the body?

To provide energy

To build complex structures

To stay healthy (correct)

To facilitate the absorption of vitamins

What is the molecular structure of carbohydrates?

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the body converts excess glucose into glycogen?

Glycogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of fibre in the body?

To stay healthy Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of proteins that speed up chemical reactions?

They are not changed by the chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What type of fats are commonly found in plants, nuts, and fish?

Unsaturated fats Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of essential amino acids?

To produce proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of including unsaturated fats in one's diet?

Reducing the risk of heart disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fats in the body?

To store energy and absorb vitamins Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of trans fats?

They have been hydrogenated Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

Serving as the primary source of energy and providing carbon to molecules Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the body lacks sufficient water?

Dehydration occurs, harming the body's systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of minerals in the body?

To support bone and teeth growth, and maintain acid-base balance Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of energy is converted during cellular respiration?

40% Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a calorie?

The energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1°C Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins?

Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the body, while fat-soluble vitamins cannot be stored Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of the alimentary canal over the digestive sac?

It provides more specialized regions for food processing Signup and view all the answers

What determines the length of the alimentary canal in an animal?

The animal's diet Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysozyme in saliva?

Fighting infection by breaking down bacterial cell walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the salivary glands?

Chemically digesting food Signup and view all the answers

Why does the body have specialized organs for digestion?

To ensure that it doesn't self-digest Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mouth in the digestive process?

Mechanically and chemically breaking down food Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of bile in the digestion process?

To break apart fats because they clump together Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pancreatic juice in the duodenum?

To neutralize chyme and break it down further Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

To increase the surface area for absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?

They are broken down into sugars that give cells energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of time that food takes to exit the small intestine?

3 to 5 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the liver in the digestion process?

To modify, detoxify, and create substances distributed throughout the body Signup and view all the answers